基于restful接口的身份认证,可以采用jwt的方式实现,想了解jwt,可以查询相关资料,这里不做介绍~
下面直接看如何实现
1、首先添加jwt的jar包,pom.xml中添加依赖包:
1<dependency> 2 <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId> 3 <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId> 4 <version>0.9.1</version> 5 </dependency>
2、添加工具类JwtUtil.java:
1package com.demo.news.common; 2 3import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts; 4import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm; 5 6import java.util.Date; 7import java.util.HashMap; 8import java.util.Map; 9 10public class JwtUtil { 11 static final String SECRET = "ThisIsASecret"; 12 13 public static String generateToken(String username) { 14 HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>(); 15 //you can put any data in the map 16 map.put("username", username); 17 String jwt = Jwts.builder() 18 .setClaims(map) 19 .setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + 3600_000_000L))// 1000 hour 20 .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, SECRET) 21 .compact(); 22 return "Bearer "+jwt; //jwt前面一般都会加Bearer 23 } 24 25 public static void validateToken(String token) { 26 try { 27 // parse the token. 28 Map<String, Object> body = Jwts.parser() 29 .setSigningKey(SECRET) 30 .parseClaimsJws(token.replace("Bearer ","")) 31 .getBody(); 32 }catch (Exception e){ 33 throw new IllegalStateException("Invalid Token. "+e.getMessage()); 34 } 35 } 36}
这个工具类有两个方法,一个生成token,一个验证token
添加过滤器JwtAuthenticationFilter.java
1package com.demo.news.common; 2 3import org.springframework.util.AntPathMatcher; 4import org.springframework.util.PathMatcher; 5import org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter; 6 7import javax.servlet.FilterChain; 8import javax.servlet.ServletException; 9import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 10import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 11import java.io.IOException; 12 13 14public class JwtAuthenticationFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter { 15 private static final PathMatcher pathMatcher = new AntPathMatcher(); 16 17 @Override 18 protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException { 19 try { 20 if(isProtectedUrl(request)) { 21 String token = request.getParameter("token"); 22 //检查jwt令牌, 如果令牌不合法或者过期, 里面会直接抛出异常, 下面的catch部分会直接返回 23 JwtUtil.validateToken(token); 24 } 25 } catch (Exception e) { 26 response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED, e.getMessage()); 27 return; 28 } 29 //如果jwt令牌通过了检测, 那么就把request传递给后面的RESTful api 30 filterChain.doFilter(request, response); 31 } 32 33 34 //我们只对地址 /api 开头的api检查jwt. 不然的话登录/login也需要jwt 35 private boolean isProtectedUrl(HttpServletRequest request) { 36 return pathMatcher.match("/api/**", request.getServletPath()); 37 } 38 39}
这个过滤器会过滤所有以api打头的路径
注册过滤器MyJwtFilter.java
1package com.demo.news.common; 2 3import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean; 4import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; 5import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; 6 7@Configuration 8public class MyJwtFilter { 9 10 @Bean 11 public FilterRegistrationBean jwtFilter() { 12 final FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); 13 JwtAuthenticationFilter filter = new JwtAuthenticationFilter(); 14 registrationBean.setFilter(filter); 15 return registrationBean; 16 } 17 18}
3、开始使用
通过之前的代码,所有路径以api开头的请求如果不添加token参数都会报没有权限的错误,说明过滤器已经生效了

下面我们根据用户名和密码来验证用户身份,如果用户身份通过验证,那个生成token,拿到这个token,路径以api打头的请求添加上这个token参数
验证用户身份的代码:
1if(用户验证成功) { 2 String token = JwtUtil.generateToken(user.getUsername()); 3}
拿到这个token,在路径以api打头的请求上添加上这个token,比如:
http://localhost:8083/news/api/list?token=Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJleHAiOjE1NTM2MjQxMzgsInVzZXJuYW1lIjoiYWRtaW4ifQ.FQsNIr_b9105CoV-jx8k9lgtyJ6cM_z48g1fQeSUBowkOGBk-OXGdgtVa1215lD75U3N3tF3yZs10MtJ7kZstA