离线安装
软件包下载地址：http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-8.0/
这里使用8.0.18版本，对应各软件包下载链接如下：
1http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-client-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 2 3http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-common-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 4 5http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-devel-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 6 7http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 8 9http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-libs-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 10 11http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 12 13http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-server-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
📝 安装步骤
✏️ 将软件包上传至服务器
1# ll 2total 514508 3-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 40104640 Mar 17 17:08 mysql-community-client-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 4-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 611436 Mar 17 17:07 mysql-community-common-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 5-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6915400 Mar 17 17:25 mysql-community-devel-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 6-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 23683600 Mar 17 17:26 mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 7-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3877664 Mar 17 17:07 mysql-community-libs-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 8-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1363968 Mar 21 00:23 mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 9-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 450282440 Mar 17 17:20 mysql-community-server-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
✏️ 安装
1# yum localinstall ./mysql-community-* 2... 3Complete!
✏️ 启动
# systemctl start mysqld
✏️ 查看初始密码并修改密码
1# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log 22020-03-20T15:11:35.241552Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: W7.j*e<lfU_9 3# mysql -u root -p 4... 5mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY "NewPass#123"; 6Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
在线安装
📝 安装步骤
✏️ 安装MySQL yum源
1# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm 2# yum -y localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
✏️ 更新yum源
1# yum clean all 2# yum makecache
✏️ 安装
# yum install mysql-community-server -y
✏️ 启动
# systemctl start mysqld
✏️ 查看初始密码并修改密码
1# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log 22020-03-20T15:11:35.241552Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: W7.j*e<lfU_9 3# mysql -u root -p 4... 5mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY "NewPass#123"; 6Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
账户密码管理
MySQL8 账户密码默认策略采用的是
caching_sha2_password，导致很多时候我们创建了用户和密码，在客户端连接时一直提示密码错误。修改认证方式可以通过配置文件修改，也可以修改单独用户的认证策略。
📝 示例不修改加密方式创建用户
✏️ 创建用户
这里我创建一个zabbix库进行创建用户和授权示例
1mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8mb4; 2Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) 3 4mysql> create user 'zabbix'@'localhost' identified by 'Zabbix@123'; 5Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 6 7mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'localhost' with grant option; 8Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 9 10mysql> select user,host,plugin from mysql.user where user='zabbix'; 11+--------+-----------+-----------------------+ 12| user | host | plugin | 13+--------+-----------+-----------------------+ 14| zabbix | localhost | caching_sha2_password | 15+--------+-----------+-----------------------+ 161 row in set (0.00 sec)
✏️ 修改单个用户的加密方式
1#这条命令可以查询用户所使用的密码插件模式 2mysql> select user,host,plugin from mysql.user; 3mysql> select user,host,plugin from mysql.user where user='zabbix'; 4 5mysql> alter user 'zabbix'@'localhost' identified with mysql_native_password by "Zabbix@123"; 6Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 7 8mysql> select user,host,plugin from mysql.user where user='zabbix'; 9+--------+-----------+-----------------------+ 10| user | host | plugin | 11+--------+-----------+-----------------------+ 12| zabbix | localhost | mysql_native_password | 13+--------+-----------+-----------------------+ 141 row in set (0.00 sec)
📝 示例，修改配置文件更改加密方式
✏️ 修改配置文件
1# vim /etc/my.cnf 2[mysqld] 3...... 4default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password 5 6# systemctl restart mysqld
✏️ 创建用户查看
1mysql> create user 'zabbix_test'@'localhost' identified by "Zabbix@321"; 2Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 3 4mysql> select user,host,plugin from mysql.user where user='zabbix_test'; 5+-------------+-----------+-----------------------+ 6| user | host | plugin | 7+-------------+-----------+-----------------------+ 8| zabbix_test | localhost | mysql_native_password | 9+-------------+-----------+-----------------------+ 101 row in set (0.00 sec)
通过上面可以查看，修改配置文件后，现在创建的新用户默认加密方式即为mysql_native_password模式