PAT甲级1119，我先在CSDN上面发布的这篇文章：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44385565/article/details/89737224
Suppose that all the keys in a binary tree are distinct positive integers. A unique binary tree can be determined by a given pair of postorder and inorder traversal sequences, or preorder and inorder traversal sequences. However, if only the postorder and preorder traversal sequences are given, the corresponding tree may no longer be unique.
Now given a pair of postorder and preorder traversal sequences, you are supposed to output the corresponding inorder traversal sequence of the tree. If the tree is not unique, simply output any one of them.
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives a positive integer N (≤ 30), the total number of nodes in the binary tree. The second line gives the preorder sequence and the third line gives the postorder sequence. All the numbers in a line are separated by a space.
Output Specification:
For each test case, first printf in a line Yes if the tree is unique, or No if not. Then print in the next line the inorder traversal sequence of the corresponding binary tree. If the solution is not unique, any answer would do. It is guaranteed that at least one solution exists. All the numbers in a line must be separated by exactly one space, and there must be no extra space at the end of the line.
Sample Input 1:
7
1 2 3 4 6 7 5
2 6 7 4 5 3 1
Sample Output 1:
Yes
2 1 6 4 7 3 5
Sample Input 2:
4
1 2 3 4
2 4 3 1
Sample Output 2:
No
2 1 3 4
题目大意：给定先序和后序序列，输出二叉树的中序遍历序列。若二叉树不唯一则输出任意解。
思路：下一个节点与当前节点在后序数组中紧挨着就说明二叉树不唯一，因为无法判断它是当前节点的左孩子还是右孩子。递归地建立二叉树的时候需要传递四个变量，preLeft、preRight、postLeft、postRight，也就是子树的范围即左右边界在先序和后序数组中的下标。
注意：输出二叉树后要换行！！！不然会格式错误。
1 1 #include <iostream> 2 2 #include <vector> 3 3 #include <unordered_map> 4 4 using namespace std; 5 5 typedef struct node *BT; 6 6 struct node { 7 7 int key; 8 8 BT left = NULL, right = NULL; 9 9 }; 1010 int N; 1111 bool flag = false, unique = true; 1212 unordered_map <int, int> postMp; 1313 vector <int> pre, post; 1414 BT buildTree(int preLeft, int preRight, int postLeft, int postRight); 1515 void inorder(BT tree);//中序遍历 1616 int main() 1717 { 1818 int i; 1919 scanf("%d", &N); 2020 pre.resize(N); 2121 post.resize(N); 2222 for (i = 0; i < N; i++) { 2323 scanf("%d", &pre[i]); 2424 } 2525 for (i = 0; i < N; i++) { 2626 scanf("%d", &post[i]); 2727 postMp[post[i]] = i; 2828 } 2929 BT tree = NULL; 3030 tree = buildTree(0, N - 1, 0, N - 1); 3131 printf(unique ? "Yes\n" : "No\n"); 3232 inorder(tree); 3333 printf("\n");//结果后面要换行！！！否则就是格式错误，我还能说啥？ 3434 } 3535 BT buildTree(int preLeft, int preRight, int postLeft, int postRight) { 3636 BT tree = new node(); 3737 tree->key = pre[preLeft]; 3838 if (preLeft == preRight) { 3939 return tree; 4040 } 4141 int next = preLeft + 1; 4242 if (postMp[pre[preLeft]] - postMp[pre[next]] == 1) { 4343 unique = false; 4444 tree->left = buildTree(next, preRight, postLeft, postMp[pre[next]]); 4545 } 4646 else { 4747 int leftNum = postMp[pre[next]] - postLeft; 4848 tree->left = buildTree(next, next + leftNum, postLeft, postMp[pre[next]]); 4949 next = next + leftNum + 1; 5050 tree->right = buildTree(next, preRight, postMp[pre[preLeft + 1]] + 1, postMp[pre[next]]); 5151 } 5252 return tree; 5353 } 5454 void inorder(BT tree) { 5555 if (tree) { 5656 inorder(tree->left); 5757 if (flag) 5858 printf(" "); 5959 flag = true; 6060 printf("%d", tree->key); 6161 inorder(tree->right); 6262 } 6363 }