介绍在Spring的框架下,做单元测试的两种办法。
一、使用spring中对Junit框架的整合功能
除了junit4和spring的jar包,还需要spring-test.jar。引入如下依赖:
1<dependency> 2 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 3 <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> 4 <version>3.1.1.RELEASE</version> 5</dependency>
@ContextConfiguration需要配上spring的配置文件,这样就可以在测试类中使用注解简单的注入需要的bean了。简单高效。
1import com.zhisland.weizhan.common.configs.Contants; 2import com.zhisland.weizhan.mp.model.sendMsg.SendMsgLog; 3import com.zhisland.weizhan.mp.service.RedisCommonService; 4import com.zhisland.weizhan.mp.service.SendMsgService; 5import com.zhisland.weizhan.mp.service.WmpUserService; 6import com.zhisland.wz.model.WxAppConfig; 7import com.zhisland.wz.service.MpWeixinApi; 8import org.junit.After; 9import org.junit.Before; 10import org.junit.Test; 11import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 12import org.slf4j.Logger; 13import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; 14import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 15import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; 16import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests; 17import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; 18import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration; 19 20import java.util.List; 21 22@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 23@ContextConfiguration("classpath:wmp-servlet.xml") 24@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager = "transactionManager", defaultRollback = false) 25public class RedisServiceImplTest extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests { 26 private final static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(meetingTest.class); 27 @Autowired 28 private SendMsgService sendMsgService; 29 @Autowired 30 private MpWeixinApi mpWeixinApi; 31 @Autowired 32 private WmpUserService wmpUserService; 33 @Autowired 34 private Contants contants; 35 @Autowired 36 private RedisCommonService redisCommonService; 37 38 @Before 39 public void setUp() throws Exception { 40 41 } 42 43 @After 44 public void tearDown() throws Exception { 45 46 } 47 48 @Test 49 public void testGet() { 50 51 WxAppConfig wxAppConfig = mpWeixinApi.getWeixinAppConfigByAppId(contants.appId); 52 List<SendMsgLog> sendMsgLogList = sendMsgService.getWaittingLogListByMsgId(wxAppConfig.getId(), 4, 3, 0); 53 int first = sendMsgLogList.get(0).getId(); 54 int last = sendMsgLogList.get(sendMsgLogList.size() - 1).getId(); 55 LOGGER.info("first={},last={}", first, last); 56 57// redisCommonService.set("wjt_subscribe_return_url_2","fff哈哈"); 58//// System.out.println("get redis value="+redisCommonService.get("wjt_subscribe_return_url_2")); 59// System.out.println("get redis value="+redisCommonService.getString("wjt_subscribe_return_url_1")); 60// System.out.println("get redis value="+redisCommonService.getString("wjt_subscribe_return_url_o8cvjt0Ua1fJDJ0iNwfvrBGi9sbc")); 61 } 62 63 64}
二、手动加载spring的配置文件,并启动spring容器
1public class ReadDaoImplTest { 2 3 public static void main(String[] args){ 4 ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); 5 6 context.start(); 7 8 ReadDao fqaService = (ReadDao) context.getBean("readDao"); 9 System.out.println(fqaService); 10 } 11 12}
三、详解
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.annotation.DirtiesContext;
import org.springframework.test.annotation.DirtiesContext.ClassMode;
import org.springframework.test.annotation.Rollback;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.support.GenericXmlContextLoader;
import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import com.cgodo.mvc.service.Result;
import com.security.entity.SecurityPermission;
import com.security.model.AddSecurityPermissionModel;
import com.security.model.UpdateSecurityPermissionModel;
import com.security.service.SecurityPermissionI;
/**
*
* 权限服务层测试类
*/
//测试时需要的
@RunWith(value = SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) //在使用所有注释前必须使用@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class),让测试运行于Spring测试环境
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:/com/security/resource/spring/context/application/applicationContext.xml"} , loader = GenericXmlContextLoader.class)//【@ContextConfiguration 用来指定加载的Spring配置文件的位置,会加载默认配置文件,
@ContextConfiguration 注解有以下两个常用的属性:locations:可以通过该属性手工指定 Spring 配置文件所在的位置,可以指定一个或多个 Spring 配置文件用,分开。如下所示: @ContextConfiguration(locations={“aa/aa.xml”,” aa/bb.xml”})
inheritLocations:是否要继承父测试用例类中的 Spring 配置文件,默认为 true。】
@DirtiesContext(classMode = ClassMode.AFTER_CLASS) //@DirtiesContext 在测试方法上出现这个注解时,表明底层Spring容器在该方法的执行中被“污染”,从而必须在方法执行结束后重新创建(无论该测试是否通过)。
@TransactionConfiguration( transactionManager = "transactionManager" , defaultRollback = false) //【@TransactionConfiguration 为配置事务性测试定义了类级别的元数据。PlatformTransactionManager默认的实例叫transactionManager, 如果需要的PlatformTransactionManager不是“transactionManager”的话,那么可以显式配置驱动事务的PlatformTransactionManager的bean的名字。此外, 可以将defaultRollback标志改为false,表示不回滚。通常, @TransactionConfiguration与@ContextConfiguration搭配使用。
@ContextConfiguration
@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager="transactionManager", defaultRollback=false)】
@Transactional //开启类级别的事物
public class TestSecurityPermissionService {
//注解生成SecurityPermissionI 的代理
@Autowired
SecurityPermissionI securityPermissionI;
/**
* 描述:初始化测试数据
* @throws InvocationTargetException
* @throws IllegalAccessException
*/
@Before
public void before() throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException{
//添加删除测试数据
SecurityPermission securityPermissionDelete = new SecurityPermission();
securityPermissionDelete.setPermissionId("TEST_permissionId-Delete");
securityPermissionDelete.setPermissionDescription("TEST_权限描述信息-Delete");
securityPermissionDelete.setPermissionType("TEST_权限类型-Delete");
Result<List<SecurityPermission>> resultDelete = securityPermissionI.getPermissionsByType(securityPermissionDelete);
AddSecurityPermissionModel addSecurityPermissionModelDelete = new AddSecurityPermissionModel();
BeanUtils.copyProperties(addSecurityPermissionModelDelete, securityPermissionDelete);
if(resultDelete.getData() == null){
securityPermissionI.addPermission(addSecurityPermissionModelDelete);
}
//添加删除测试数据
SecurityPermission securityPermissionDeleteNot = new SecurityPermission();
securityPermissionDeleteNot.setPermissionId("TEST_permissionId-DeleteNot");
securityPermissionDeleteNot.setPermissionDescription("TEST_权限描述信息-DeleteNot");
securityPermissionDeleteNot.setPermissionType("TEST_权限类型-DeleteNot");
Result<List<SecurityPermission>> resultDeleteNot = securityPermissionI.getPermissionsByType(securityPermissionDeleteNot);
AddSecurityPermissionModel addSecurityPermissionModelDeleteNot = new AddSecurityPermissionModel();
BeanUtils.copyProperties(addSecurityPermissionModelDeleteNot, securityPermissionDeleteNot);
if(resultDeleteNot.getData() == null){
securityPermissionI.addPermission(addSecurityPermissionModelDeleteNot);
}
//添加更新测试数据
SecurityPermission securityPermissionUpdate = new SecurityPermission();
securityPermissionUpdate.setPermissionId("TEST_permissionId-Update");
securityPermissionUpdate.setPermissionDescription("TEST_权限描述信息-Update");
securityPermissionUpdate.setPermissionType("TEST_权限类型-Update");
Result<List<SecurityPermission>> resultUpdate = securityPermissionI.getPermissionsByType(securityPermissionUpdate);
AddSecurityPermissionModel addSecurityPermissionModelUpdate = new AddSecurityPermissionModel();
BeanUtils.copyProperties(addSecurityPermissionModelUpdate, securityPermissionUpdate);
if(resultUpdate.getData() == null){
securityPermissionI.addPermission(addSecurityPermissionModelUpdate);
}
//添加查询测试数据
SecurityPermission securityPermissionSelect = new SecurityPermission();
securityPermissionSelect.setPermissionId("TEST_permissionId-Select");
securityPermissionSelect.setPermissionDescription("TEST_权限描述信息-Select");
securityPermissionSelect.setPermissionType("TEST_权限类型-Select");
Result<List<SecurityPermission>> resultSelect = securityPermissionI.getPermissionsByType(securityPermissionSelect);
AddSecurityPermissionModel addSecurityPermissionModelSelect = new AddSecurityPermissionModel();
BeanUtils.copyProperties(addSecurityPermissionModelSelect, securityPermissionSelect);
if(resultSelect.getData() == null){
securityPermissionI.addPermission(addSecurityPermissionModelSelect);
}
}
//@Test 这个将不会被测试
public void Test(){
boolean bb = false;
Assert.assertFalse(bb);
}
@Rollback(true)//设置测试后回滚
@Transactional//为方法开启事物
@Test //标注要测试的方法,不添加@Test将不会进行测试
public void TestAddPermission(){
SecurityPermission securityPermission = new SecurityPermission();
securityPermission.setPermissionId("TEST_permissionId-Add");
securityPermission.setPermissionDescription("TEST_权限描述信息-Add");
securityPermission.setPermissionType("TEST_权限类型-Add");
AddSecurityPermissionModel model = new AddSecurityPermissionModel();
try {
BeanUtils.copyProperties(model, securityPermission);
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
//测试权限不存在的情况
Result isNotExists;
try {
isNotExists = securityPermissionI.addPermission(model);
Assert.assertTrue(isNotExists.isSuccess());
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
//测试权限已存在的情况
Result isExists;
try {
isExists = securityPermissionI.addPermission(model);
Assert.assertFalse(isExists.isSuccess());
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}