安装 mysql
源码包安装
优化基础源
[root@db03 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
安装依赖包
[root@db03 ~]# yum install -y cmake ncurses-devel autoconf
下载(或者上传)：
wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.6.44.tar.gz
解压：
[root@db03 ~]# tar xf mysql-5.6.44.tar.gz [root@db03 ~]# cd mysql-5.6.44[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# lltotal 252drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 Mar 15 2019 BUILDdrwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 Mar 15 2019 clientdrwxr-xr-x 4 7161 31415 4096 Mar 15 2019 cmake-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 23415 Mar 15 2019 CMakeLists.txtdrwxr-xr-x 3 7161 31415 21 Mar 15 2019 cmd-line-utils-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 19838 Mar 15 2019 config.h.cmake-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 40929 Mar 15 2019 configure.cmake-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 17987 Mar 15 2019 COPYINGdrwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 312 Mar 15 2019 dbugdrwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 80 Mar 15 2019 Docs-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 65958 Mar 15 2019 Doxyfile-perfschemadrwxr-xr-x 4 7161 31415 229 Mar 15 2019 extradrwxr-xr-x 4 7161 31415 4096 Mar 15 2019 include-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 333 Mar 15 2019 INSTALLdrwxr-xr-x 3 7161 31415 224 Mar 15 2019 libmysqldrwxr-xr-x 3 7161 31415 204 Mar 15 2019 libmysqlddrwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 221 Mar 15 2019 libservicesdrwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 Mar 15 2019 mandrwxr-xr-x 10 7161 31415 305 Mar 15 2019 mysql-testdrwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 Mar 15 2019 mysysdrwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 300 Mar 15 2019 mysys_ssldrwxr-xr-x 9 7161 31415 113 Mar 15 2019 packagingdrwxr-xr-x 11 7161 31415 187 Mar 15 2019 plugin-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 2496 Mar 15 2019 READMEdrwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 Mar 15 2019 regexdrwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 Mar 15 2019 scriptsdrwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 6 Mar 15 2019 source_downloadsdrwxr-xr-x 4 7161 31415 12288 Mar 15 2019 sqldrwxr-xr-x 5 7161 31415 4096 Mar 15 2019 sql-benchdrwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 155 Mar 15 2019 sql-commondrwxr-xr-x 13 7161 31415 169 Mar 15 2019 storagedrwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 Mar 15 2019 stringsdrwxr-xr-x 5 7161 31415 4096 Mar 15 2019 support-filesdrwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 Mar 15 2019 testsdrwxr-xr-x 5 7161 31415 70 Mar 15 2019 unittest-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 88 Mar 15 2019 VERSIONdrwxr-xr-x 3 7161 31415 298 Mar 15 2019 viodrwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 32 Mar 15 2019 windrwxr-xr-x 11 7161 31415 4096 Mar 15 2019 zlib
确定安装路径存在不存在，不存在则创建 /opt/mysql-5.6.44：
[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# ll /opt/ -ddrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 /opt/
生成：
[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# “注意必须在此目录里面进行生成”cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql-5.6.44 \-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/mysql-5.6.44/data \-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/opt/mysql-5.6.44/tmp/mysql.sock \-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \-DWITH_SSL=bundled \-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1 \-DWITH_DEBUG=0#生成完成后检查[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# echo $? 等于 0 则没有问题
编译：
[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# make
安装：
[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# make install#检查[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# ll /opt/mysql-5.6.44/total 44drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 31 03:53 bin-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17987 Mar 15 2019 COPYINGdrwxr-xr-x 3 root root 18 Oct 31 03:53 datadrwxr-xr-x 2 root root 55 Oct 31 03:53 docsdrwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Oct 31 03:53 includedrwxr-xr-x 3 root root 291 Oct 31 03:53 libdrwxr-xr-x 4 root root 30 Oct 31 03:53 mandrwxr-xr-x 10 root root 4096 Oct 31 03:53 mysql-test-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2496 Mar 15 2019 READMEdrwxr-xr-x 2 root root 30 Oct 31 03:53 scriptsdrwxr-xr-x 28 root root 4096 Oct 31 03:53 sharedrwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Oct 31 03:53 sql-benchdrwxr-xr-x 2 root root 136 Oct 31 03:53 support-files
创建用户
[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# id mysqluid=1000(mysql) gid=1000(mysql) groups=1000(mysql)
拷贝启动脚本
[root@db03 ~/mysql-5.6.44]# cd /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files/[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# ll /etc/init.d/mysqld-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10571 Oct 31 03:57 /etc/init.d/mysqld
拷贝配置文件( 存在就覆盖，不存在则创建 )
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnfcp: overwrite ‘/etc/my.cnf’? y
创建socket文件存放目录
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# mkdir /opt/mysql-5.6.44/tmp[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# ll /opt/mysql-5.6.44/tmp -ddrwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 Oct 31 03:59 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/tmp
制作软连接
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# cd /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts/[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# lltotal 36-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 34558 Oct 31 03:31 mysql_install_db[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# ln -s /opt/mysql-5.6.44/ /opt/mysql[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# ll /opt/mysqllrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Oct 31 04:01 /opt/mysql -> /opt/mysql-5.6.44/
授权
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/*
初始化数据库
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/data
启动mysql服务
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# /etc/init.d/mysqld startStarting MySQL. SUCCESS!
添加环境变量
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.shexport PATH="/opt/mysql/bin:$PATH"[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
端口检查
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# netstat -lntup |grep 3306tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 25084/mysqld
启动数据库
[root@db03 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# mysqlWelcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 2Server version: 5.6.44 Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql>
更改mysql启动的权限并加入systemd管理
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service[Unit]Description=MySQL ServerDocumentation=man:mysqld(8)Documentation=https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.htmlAfter=network.targetAfter=syslog.target[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.target[Service]User=mysqlGroup=mysqlExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnfLimitNOFILE = 5000
将mysql 加入systemd管理,并加入开机自启
[root@db01 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service[Unit]Description=MySQL ServerDocumentation=man:mysqld(8)Documentation=https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.htmlAfter=network.targetAfter=syslog.target[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.target[Service]User=mysqlGroup=mysqlExecStart=/opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf ---------------注意安装路径LimitNOFILE = 5000[root@db01 ~]# systemctl start mysqld[root@db01 ~]# systemctl stop mysqld[root@db01 ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
二进制安装 mysql
下载或上传软件包
wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.6.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
解压
[root@db04 ~]# tar xf mysql-5.6.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [root@db04 ~]# lltotal 321404drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 191 Oct 31 04:31 mysql-5.6.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 329105487 Oct 30 10:23 mysql-5.6.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
安装依赖软件包
[root@db04 ~]# yum install -y autoconf libaio*
创建 mysql 用户
[root@db04 ~]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M[root@db04 ~]# id mysqluid=1000(mysql) gid=1000(mysql) groups=1000(mysql)
将解压后的软件包目录移动到 /opt 目录下面并更改文件名
1[root@db04 ~]# mv mysql-5.6.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /opt/mysql-5.6.44 2[root@db04 ~]# cd /opt/mysql-5.6.44/ 3[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44]# ll 4total 40 5drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 31 04:31 bin 6-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 17987 Mar 15 2019 COPYING 7drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 18 Oct 31 04:30 data 8drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 55 Oct 31 04:30 docs 9drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Oct 31 04:30 include 10drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 316 Oct 31 04:31 lib 11drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 30 Oct 31 04:30 man 12drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 291 Oct 31 04:30 mysql-test 13-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 2496 Mar 15 2019 README 14drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 30 Oct 31 04:30 scripts 15drwxr-xr-x 28 root root 4096 Oct 31 04:31 share 16drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Oct 31 04:31 sql-bench 17drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 136 Oct 31 04:30 support-files
制作软连接
1[root@db04 ~]# ln -s /opt/mysql-5.6.44/ /opt/mysql 2[root@db04 ~]# ll /opt/mysql 3lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Oct 31 04:37 /opt/mysql -> /opt/mysql-5.6.44/
拷贝启动脚本
1[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44]# cd /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files/ 2[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld 3[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# ll /etc/init.d/mysqld 4-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10565 Oct 31 04:40 /etc/init.d/mysqld
拷贝配置文件
1[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf 2cp: overwrite ‘/etc/my.cnf’? y 3[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# ll /etc/my.cnf 4-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1126 Oct 31 04:41 /etc/my.cnf
初始化数据库
1[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/support-files]# cd ../scripts/ 2[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# ll 3total 36 4-rwxr-xr-x 1 7161 31415 34558 Mar 15 2019 mysql_install_db 5[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/data --user=mysql
授权 mysql 目录
1[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/* 2[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# ll /opt/ 3total 0 4lrwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 18 Oct 31 04:37 mysql -> /opt/mysql-5.6.44/ 5drwxr-xr-x 13 mysql mysql 223 Oct 31 04:43 mysql-5.6.44
修改 mysql 启动脚本和程序
[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# sed -i 's#/usr/local#/opt#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
启动 mysqkl
1[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start 2Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/mysql/data/db04.err'. 3 SUCCESS!
添加环境变量
1[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh 2export PATH="/opt/mysql/bin:$PATH" 3[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
登录mysql数据库
1[root@db04 /opt/mysql-5.6.44/scripts]# mysql 2Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. 3Your MySQL connection id is 1 4Server version: 5.6.44 MySQL Community Server (GPL) 5 6Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 7 8Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its 9affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective 10owners. 11 12Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. 13 14mysql>
将mysql 加入systemd管理,并加入开机自启
1[root@db01 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service 2[Unit] 3Description=MySQL Server 4Documentation=man:mysqld(8) 5Documentation=https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html 6After=network.target 7After=syslog.target 8[Install] 9WantedBy=multi-user.target 10[Service] 11User=mysql 12Group=mysql 13ExecStart=/opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf ---------------注意安装路径 14LimitNOFILE = 5000 15 16------------------------ 17[root@db04 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf 18 19basedir = /opt/mysql ----------------------更改此处 20datadir = /opt/mysql/data ----------------------更改此处 21 22---------------------------- 23 24[root@db01 ~]# systemctl start mysqld 25[root@db01 ~]# systemctl stop mysqld 26[root@db01 ~]# systemctl enable mysqld