MQTT是一个轻量级的消息协议。从2014年12月IOIT大会上得到的消息,该协议已经被OASIS标准组织接收,成立了专门的工作组,以意味着该规范正式走向了标准化之路。
目前MQTT的标准组织官网:http://www.mqtt.org,里面列出了很多支持的软件相关资源。
一个轻量级的MQTT服务器是:http://www.mosquitto.org,可以运行ARM/MIPS的嵌入式linux系统上,如OpenWRT。
很多客户端模块现在被Eclipse基金会接管,发展很快。所有的语言支持客户端在这里:http://git.eclipse.org/c/paho/
下面介绍基于python的MQTT的客户端的安装:
1git clone http://git.eclipse.org/gitroot/paho/org.eclipse.paho.mqtt.python.git 2cd org.eclipse.paho.mqtt.python 3sudo python setup.py install
注意,如果使用Sublime,最好到里面的控制台进行安装,缺省运行在独立的环境中,跟系统的控制台安装的程序不一样。
然后,发送消息:
1#!/usr/bin/python 2# This shows a service of an MQTT subscriber. 3# Copyright (c) 2010-2015, By openthings@163.com. 4 5import sys 6import datetime 7import socket, sys 8import paho.mqtt.publish as publish 9 10def transmitMQTT(strMsg): 11 #strMqttBroker = "localhost" 12 strBroker = "112.124.67.178" 13 strMqttChannel = "/inode/mychannel" 14 print(strMsg) 15 publish.single(strMqttChannel, strMsg, hostname = strMqttBroker) 16 17if __name__ == '__main__': 18 transmitMQTT("Hello,MQTT Proxy, I am client inside python.") 19 print "Send msg ok."
创建一个MQTT服务器程序:
1#!/usr/bin/python 2# This shows a service of an MQTT subscriber. 3# Copyright (c) 2010-2015, By openthings@163.com. 4 5import sys 6import datetime 7import socket, sys 8 9#====================================================== 10#MQTT Initialize.-------------------------------------- 11try: 12 import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt 13except ImportError: 14 print("MQTT client not find. Please install as follow:") 15 print("git clone http://git.eclipse.org/gitroot/paho/org.eclipse.paho.mqtt.python.git") 16 print("cd org.eclipse.paho.mqtt.python") 17 print("sudo python setup.py install") 18 19#====================================================== 20def on_connect(mqttc, obj, rc): 21 print("OnConnetc, rc: "+str(rc)) 22 23def on_publish(mqttc, obj, mid): 24 print("OnPublish, mid: "+str(mid)) 25 26def on_subscribe(mqttc, obj, mid, granted_qos): 27 print("Subscribed: "+str(mid)+" "+str(granted_qos)) 28 29def on_log(mqttc, obj, level, string): 30 print("Log:"+string) 31 32def on_message(mqttc, obj, msg): 33 curtime = datetime.datetime.now() 34 strcurtime = curtime.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") 35 print(strcurtime + ": " + msg.topic+" "+str(msg.qos)+" "+str(msg.payload)) 36 on_exec(str(msg.payload)) 37 38def on_exec(strcmd): 39 print "Exec:",strcmd 40 strExec = strcmd 41 42#===================================================== 43if __name__ == '__main__': 44 mqttc = mqtt.Client("mynodeserver") 45 mqttc.on_message = on_message 46 mqttc.on_connect = on_connect 47 mqttc.on_publish = on_publish 48 mqttc.on_subscribe = on_subscribe 49 mqttc.on_log = on_log 50 51 #strBroker = "localhost" 52 strBroker = "112.124.67.178" 53 54 mqttc.connect(strBroker, 1883, 60) 55 mqttc.subscribe("/inode/mychannel", 0) 56 mqttc.loop_forever()