ActiveMQ简述，使用

官网地址：http://activemq.apache.org/

参考文章：http://my.oschina.net/nk2011/blog/366395

JMS支持两种消息发送和接收模型。一种称为P2P(Ponit to Point)模型，即采用点对点的方式发送消息。P2P模型是基于队列的，消息生产者发送消息到队列，消息消费者从队列中接收消息，队列的存在使得消息的异步传输称为可能，P2P模型在点对点的情况下进行消息传递时采用。

另一种称为Pub/Sub(Publish/Subscribe，即发布-订阅)模型，发布-订阅模型定义了如何向一个内容节点发布和订阅消息，这个内容节点称为topic(主题)。主题可以认为是消息传递的中介，消息发布这将消息发布到某个主题，而消息订阅者则从主题订阅消息。主题使得消息的订阅者与消息的发布者互相保持独立，不需要进行接触即可保证消息的传递，发布-订阅模型在消息的一对多广播时采用。

ActiveMQ的安装

下载最新的安装包apache-activemq-5.13.2-bin.tar.gz（此包linux下的，案例也是针对linux系统进行阐述，当然ActiveMQ也有win版的，这里就不赘述了），可以去官网下载，也可以在下方留言区留下你的邮箱，博主会发给你的~

下载之后解压： tar -zvxf apache-activemq-5.13.2-bin.tar.gz

ActiveMQ目录内容有：

bin目录包含ActiveMQ的启动脚本
conf目录包含ActiveMQ的所有配置文件
data目录包含日志文件和持久性消息数据
example: ActiveMQ的示例
lib: ActiveMQ运行所需要的lib
webapps: ActiveMQ的web控制台和一些相关的demo

运行命令：activemq start（在activemq/bin下运行）

1INFO: Loading '/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2//bin/env'
2INFO: Using java '/users/shr/util/JavaDir/jdk/bin/java'
3INFO: Starting - inspect logfiles specified in logging.properties and log4j.properties to get details
4INFO: pidfile created : '/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2//data/activemq.pid' (pid '986')

查看activemq是否运行命令：ps -aux | grep activemq

1shr        986  1.2  9.7 1281720 201936 pts/5  Sl   19:43   0:17 /users/shr/util/JavaDir/jdk/bin/java -Xms64M -Xmx1G -Djava.util.logging.config.file=logging.properties -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2//conf/login.config -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Djava.awt.headless=true -Djava.io.tmpdir=/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2//tmp -Dactivemq.classpath=/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2//conf:/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2//../lib/: -Dactivemq.home=/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2/ -Dactivemq.base=/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2/ -Dactivemq.conf=/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2//conf -Dactivemq.data=/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2//data -jar /users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2//bin/activemq.jar start
2shr       1501  0.0  0.0   5176   724 pts/5    S+   20:06   0:00 grep activemq

关闭命令： activemq stop

1INFO: Loading '/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2//bin/env'
2INFO: Using java '/users/shr/util/JavaDir/jdk/bin/java'
3INFO: Waiting at least 30 seconds for regular process termination of pid '986' :
4Java Runtime: Oracle Corporation 1.7.0_79 /users/shr/util/JavaDir/jdk1.7.0_79/jre
5  Heap sizes: current=63232k  free=62218k  max=932096k
6    JVM args: -Xms64M -Xmx1G -Djava.util.logging.config.file=logging.properties -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2//conf/login.config -Dactivemq.classpath=/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2//conf:/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2//../lib/: -Dactivemq.home=/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2/ -Dactivemq.base=/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2/ -Dactivemq.conf=/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2//conf -Dactivemq.data=/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2//data
7Extensions classpath:
8  [/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2/lib,/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2/lib/camel,/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2/lib/optional,/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2/lib/web,/users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2/lib/extra]
9ACTIVEMQ_HOME: /users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2
10ACTIVEMQ_BASE: /users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2
11ACTIVEMQ_CONF: /users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2/conf
12ACTIVEMQ_DATA: /users/shr/apache-activemq-5.13.2/data
13Connecting to pid: 986
14..Stopping broker: localhost
15.. TERMINATED

ActiveMQ的默认服务端口为61616，这个可以在conf/activemq.xml配置文件中修改：

1<transportConnectors>
2    <!-- DOS protection, limit concurrent connections to 1000 and frame size to 100MB -->
3    <transportConnector name="openwire" uri="tcp://0.0.0.0:61616?maximumConnections=1000&amp;wireFormat.maxFrameSize=104857600"/>
4</transportConnectors>

案例

在下载的apache-activemq-5.13.2-bin.tar.gz包中解压有一个jar包：activemq-all-5.13.2.jar，引入这个jar到你的项目中即可开始编写案例代码。

博主的activemq服务器地址为10.10.195.187，这个在下面代码中会有体现。

按照JMS的规范，我们首先需要获得一个JMS connection factory.，通过这个connection factory来创建connection.在这个基础之上我们再创建session, destination, producer和consumer。因此主要的几个步骤如下：

获得JMS connection factory. 通过我们提供特定环境的连接信息来构造factory。
利用factory构造JMS connection
启动connection
通过connection创建JMS session.
指定JMS destination.
创建JMS producer或者创建JMS message并提供destination.
创建JMS consumer或注册JMS message listener.
发送和接收JMS message.
关闭所有JMS资源，包括connection, session, producer, consumer等。

下面来看代码举例（P2P式）。

通过Java实现的基于ActiveMQ的请求提交：

1package com.zzh.activemq;
2 
3import java.io.Serializable;
4import java.util.HashMap;
5 
6import javax.jms.Connection;
7import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
8import javax.jms.DeliveryMode;
9import javax.jms.Destination;
10import javax.jms.MessageProducer;
11import javax.jms.ObjectMessage;
12import javax.jms.Session;
13 
14import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnection;
15import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
16 
17public class RequestSubmit
18{
19    //消息发送者
20    private MessageProducer producer;
21    //一个发送或者接受消息的线程
22    private Session session;
23 
24    public void init() throws Exception
25    {
26        //ConnectionFactory连接工厂，JMS用它创建连接
27        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(
28                ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER,
29                ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD,
30                "tcp://10.10.195.187:61616");
31        //Connection：JMS客户端到JMS Provider的连接，从构造工厂中得到连接对象
32        Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
33        //启动
34        connection.start();
35        //获取连接操作
36        session = connection.createSession(Boolean.TRUE, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
37        Destination destinatin = session.createQueue("RequestQueue");
38        //得到消息生成（发送）者
39        producer = session.createProducer(destinatin);
40        //设置不持久化
41        producer.setDeliveryMode(DeliveryMode.NON_PERSISTENT);
42    }
43 
44    public void submit(HashMap<Serializable,Serializable> requestParam) throws Exception
45    {
46        ObjectMessage message = session.createObjectMessage(requestParam);
47        producer.send(message);
48        session.commit();
49    }
50 
51    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
52        RequestSubmit submit = new RequestSubmit();
53        submit.init();
54        HashMap<Serializable,Serializable> requestParam = new HashMap<Serializable,Serializable>();
55        requestParam.put("郏高阳", "zzh");
56        submit.submit(requestParam);
57    }
58}

创建Session时有两个非常重要的参数，第一个boolean类型的参数用来表示是否采用事务消息。如果是事务消息，对于的参数设置为true，此时消息的提交自动有comit处理，消息的回滚则自动由rollback处理。加入消息不是事务的，则对应的该参数设置为false，此时分为三种情况：

Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE表示Session会自动确认所接收到的消息。
Session.CLIENT_ACKNOWLEDGE表示由客户端程序通过调用消息的确认方法来确认所接收到的消息。
Session.DUPS_OK_ACKNOWLEDGE使得Session将“懒惰”地确认消息，即不会立即确认消息，这样有可能导致消息重复投递。

提供Java实现的基于ActiveMQ的请求处理：

1package com.zzh.activemq;
2 
3import java.io.Serializable;
4import java.util.HashMap;
5import java.util.Map;
6 
7import javax.jms.Connection;
8import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
9import javax.jms.Destination;
10import javax.jms.MessageConsumer;
11import javax.jms.ObjectMessage;
12import javax.jms.Session;
13 
14import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnection;
15import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
16 
17public class RequestProcessor
18{
19    public void requestHandler(HashMap<Serializable,Serializable> requestParam) throws Exception
20    {
21        System.out.println("requestHandler....."+requestParam.toString());
22        for(Map.Entry<Serializable, Serializable> entry : requestParam.entrySet())
23        {
24            System.out.println(entry.getKey()+":"+entry.getValue());
25        }
26    }
27 
28    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
29    {
30        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(
31                ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER,
32                ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD,
33                "tcp://10.10.195.187:61616");
34        Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
35        connection.start();
36        Session session = connection.createSession(Boolean.FALSE, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
37        Destination destination = session.createQueue("RequestQueue");
38        //消息消费（接收）者
39        MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(destination);
40 
41        RequestProcessor processor = new RequestProcessor();
42 
43        while(true)
44        {
45            ObjectMessage message = (ObjectMessage) consumer.receive(1000);
46            if(null != message)
47            {
48                System.out.println(message);
49                HashMap<Serializable,Serializable> requestParam = (HashMap<Serializable,Serializable>) message.getObject();
50                processor.requestHandler(requestParam);
51            }
52            else
53            {
54                break;
55            }
56        }
57    }
58}

输出结果：

1ActiveMQObjectMessage {commandId = 6, responseRequired = false, messageId = ID:hidden-PC-58748-1460550507055-1:1:1:1:1, originalDestination = null, originalTransactionId = null, producerId = ID:hidden-PC-58748-1460550507055-1:1:1:1, destination = queue://RequestQueue, transactionId = TX:ID:hidden-PC-58748-1460550507055-1:1:1, expiration = 0, timestamp = 1460550507333, arrival = 0, brokerInTime = 1460550505969, brokerOutTime = 1460550509143, correlationId = null, replyTo = null, persistent = false, type = null, priority = 4, groupID = null, groupSequence = 0, targetConsumerId = null, compressed = false, userID = null, content = org.apache.activemq.util.ByteSequence@74a456bb, marshalledProperties = null, dataStructure = null, redeliveryCounter = 0, size = 0, properties = null, readOnlyProperties = true, readOnlyBody = true, droppable = false, jmsXGroupFirstForConsumer = false}
2requestHandler.....{郏高阳=zzh}
3郏高阳:zzh

可以通过页面查看队列的使用情况，在浏览器中输入http://10.10.195.187:8161/admin/queues.jsp，用户名和密码都是：admin，看到以下页面：

这个是在jetty服务器下跑的，可以修改conf/jetty.xml来修改相关jetty配置。

上面的例子是关于P2P模式的，不过有个不妥之处，就是没有资源的释放。下面举一个Pub/Sub模式的。

通过JMS创建ActiveMQ的topic，并给topic发送消息：

1import javax.jms.Connection;
2import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
3import javax.jms.DeliveryMode;
4import javax.jms.JMSException;
5import javax.jms.MessageProducer;
6import javax.jms.ObjectMessage;
7import javax.jms.Session;
8import javax.jms.TextMessage;
9import javax.jms.Topic;
10 
11import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnection;
12import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
13import org.apache.camel.Produce;
14 
15public class TopicRequest
16{
17    //消息发送者
18    private MessageProducer producer;
19    //一个发送或者接受消息的线程
20    private Session session;
21    //Connection：JMS客户端到JMS Provider的连接
22    private Connection connection;
23 
24    public void init() throws Exception
25    {
26        //ConnectionFactory连接工厂，JMS用它创建连接
27        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(
28                ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER,
29                ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD,
30                "tcp://10.10.195.187:61616");
31        //从构造工厂中得到连接对象
32        connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
33        //启动
34        connection.start();
35        //获取连接操作
36        session = connection.createSession(Boolean.FALSE, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
37        Topic topic = session.createTopic("MessageTopic");
38        producer = session.createProducer(topic);
39        //设置不持久化
40        producer.setDeliveryMode(DeliveryMode.NON_PERSISTENT);
41    }
42 
43    public void submit(String mess) throws Exception
44    {
45        TextMessage message = session.createTextMessage();
46        message.setText(mess);
47        producer.send(message);
48    }
49 
50    public void close()
51    {
52        try
53        {
54            if(session != null)
55                session.close();
56            if(producer != null)
57                producer.close();
58            if(connection !=null )
59                connection.close();
60        }
61        catch (JMSException e)
62        {
63            e.printStackTrace();
64        }
65    }
66 
67    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
68    {
69        TopicRequest topicRequest = new TopicRequest();
70        topicRequest.init();
71        topicRequest.submit("I'm first");
72        topicRequest.close();
73    }
74}

消息发送到对应的topic后，需要将listener注册到需要订阅的topic上，以便能够接收该topic的消息：

1import javax.jms.Connection;
2import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
3import javax.jms.JMSException;
4import javax.jms.Message;
5import javax.jms.MessageConsumer;
6import javax.jms.MessageListener;
7import javax.jms.Session;
8import javax.jms.TextMessage;
9import javax.jms.Topic;
10 
11import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnection;
12import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
13 
14public class TopicReceive
15{
16    private MessageConsumer consumer;
17    private Session session;
18 
19    public void init() throws Exception
20    {
21        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(
22                ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER,
23                ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD,
24                "tcp://10.10.195.187:61616");
25        Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
26        connection.start();
27        session = connection.createSession(Boolean.FALSE, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
28        Topic topic = session.createTopic("MessageTopic");
29        consumer = session.createConsumer(topic);
30 
31        consumer.setMessageListener(new MessageListener(){
32            @Override
33            public void onMessage(Message message)
34            {
35                TextMessage tm = (TextMessage) message;
36                System.out.println(tm);
37                try
38                {
39                    System.out.println(tm.getText());
40                }
41                catch (JMSException e)
42                {
43                    e.printStackTrace();
44                }
45            }
46        });
47    }
48 
49    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
50    {
51        TopicReceive receive = new TopicReceive();
52        receive.init();
53    }
54}

输出结果：

1ActiveMQTextMessage {commandId = 5, responseRequired = false, messageId = ID:hidden-PC-50073-1460597487065-1:1:1:1:1, originalDestination = null, originalTransactionId = null, producerId = ID:hidden-PC-50073-1460597487065-1:1:1:1, destination = topic://MessageTopic, transactionId = null, expiration = 0, timestamp = 1460597487308, arrival = 0, brokerInTime = 1460597487297, brokerOutTime = 1460597487298, correlationId = null, replyTo = null, persistent = false, type = null, priority = 4, groupID = null, groupSequence = 0, targetConsumerId = null, compressed = false, userID = null, content = org.apache.activemq.util.ByteSequence@2e4d3abf, marshalledProperties = null, dataStructure = null, redeliveryCounter = 0, size = 0, properties = null, readOnlyProperties = true, readOnlyBody = true, droppable = false, jmsXGroupFirstForConsumer = false, text = I'm first}
2I'm first

ActiveMQ简述，使用

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