Android开发工程师文集-Fragment，适配器，轮播图，ScrollView，Gallery 图片浏览器，Android常用布局样式
Fragment
1FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager(); 2FragmentTransaction beginTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
事务
add(),remove(),replace(),commit()
1MyFragment2 fragment2=new MyFragment2(); 2FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager(); 3FragmentTransaction beginTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction(); 4beginTransaction.add(R.id.frame,fragement2); 5beginTransaction.commit();
fragment的生命周期
Created
onAttach()->onCreate()->onCreateView()->onActivityCreated()
Started
onStart()
Resumed
onResume()
Paused
onPause()
Stopped
onStop()
Destroyed
1onDestroyView()->onDestroy()->onDetach() 2 3 4//当Fragment被添加到Activity的时候回调这个方法，并且只调用一次 5@Override 6public void onAttach(Activity activity){ 7 super.onAttach(activity); 8} 9 10 11//创建Fragment时会回调，只调用一次 12@Override 13public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){ 14 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 15} 16 17 18//每次创建回调 19@Override 20public View onCreateView(## ##){ 21 22} 23 24 25//当Fragment所在的Activity启动完成后调用 26@Override 27public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState){ 28 super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState); 29} 30 31 32//启动onStart() 33@Override 34public void onStart(){ 35 super.onStart(); 36} 37 38 39//onResume 40@Override 41public void onResume(){ 42 super.onResume(); 43} 44 45 46//onPause 暂停 47@Override 48public void onPause(){ 49 super.onPause(); 50} 51 52 53//onStop 停止 54@Override 55public void onStop(){ 56 super.onStop(); 57}
//last
1//onDestroyView 2@Override 3public void onDestroyView(){ 4 super.onDestroyView(); 5}
//销毁
1//onDestroy 2@Override 3public void onDestroy(){ 4 super.onDestroy(); 5}
重点
删除Fragment
//onDetach
1@Override 2public void onDetach(){ 3 super.onDetach(); 4}
启动Fragment
onAttach()->onCreate()->onCreateView()->onActivityCreated()->onStart()->onResume()
暂停Fragment - //暂停和停止的方法
onPause()->onStop()
重新看到Fragment
onStart()->onResume()
Fragment1 -> Fragment2
1Fragment1: onPause()->onStop()->onDestroyView->onDestroy()->onDetach() 2Fragment2: onAttach()->onCreate()->onCreateView()->onActivityCreated()->onStart()->onResume()
Fragment2回到主界面时
onPause()->onStop()
又重新看见
1//Fragment2回到界面 2onStart()->onResume()
Fragment2 退出
onPause()->onStop()->onDestroyView()->onDestroy()->onDetach()
Fragment与Activity
- Fragment是通过调用getActivity()的方法获取Activity的；
- Activity是通过调用FragmentManager的findFramentById()的，也可以用findFragmentByTag()方法获取Fragment片段的。
重点
1public class MyFragment extends Fragment{ 2 @Override 3 public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater,ViewGrop container,Bundle savedInstanceState){ 4 return super.onCreateView(inflater,container,savedInstanceState); 5 6 //View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment, container, false); 7 //TextView tv = view.findViewById(R.id.textview); 8 //return view; 9 } 10}
一个Activity调用Fragment的界面显示数据内容
1String text = editext.getText().toString(); 2MyFragment fragment = new MyFragment(); 3Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); 4bundle.putString("name",text); 5fragment.setArguments(bundle); 6FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager(); 7FragmentTransaction beginTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction(); 8 9//beginTransaction.add(containerViewId,fragment,tag) 10beginTransaction.add(R.id.layout.textview,fragment,"fragment"); 11beginTransaction.commit();
在Fragement中设置
1public class MyFragment extends Fragment{ 2 @0verride 3 public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState){ 4 View view = inflater.infate(R.layout.fragement,container,false); 5 TextView tv=view.findViewById(R.id.textview); 6 String text = getArguments().get("name")+""; 7 tv.setText(text); 8 } 9}
Fragment
1private String name = "v"; 2public interface Myvoid 3{ 4 public void name(String name); 5}
Activity
implements Myvoid
fragment
1@Override 2public void onAttach(Activity activity){ 3 myvoid = activity; 4 super.onAttach(activity); 5}
回到Activity
覆盖方法
另类
xml
1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 2<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 3 android:layout_width="match_parent" 4 android:layout_height="match_parent" 5 android:background="@android:color/white" 6 android:orientation="vertical"> 7 8</LinearLayout>
Fragment
1public class MyinfoFragment extends Fragment implements View.OnClickListener{ 2 3 @Override 4 public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, 5 Bundle savedInstanceState) { 6 return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_myinfo, null); 7 } 8 9 @Override 10 public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) { 11 super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState); 12 } 13 14 @Override 15 public void onClick(View v) { 16 17 } 18}
MainActivity
1public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements View.OnClickListener{ 2 3 @Override 4 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 5 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 6 setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); 7 initView(); 8 setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT); 9 setMain(); 10 } 11 12 @Override 13 public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) { 14 15 } 16 17 private void setMain() { 18 19 } 20 21 @Override 22 protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { 23 super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data); 24 25 } 26 27 private void setSelectStatus(int index) { 28 switch (index){ 29 30 } 31 } 32 private void initView() { 33 34 } 35 36 @Override 37 public void onClick(View v) { 38 switch (v.getId()){ 39 40 } 41 } 42}
继续
1FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager(); 2Fragment findFragmentById = fragmentManager.findFragmentById(R.id.fragment);
ViewPager左右滑动
1<android.support.v4.view.ViewPager 2 android:id="@+id/viewpager" 3 android:... 4 android:...> 5</android.support.v4.view.ViewPager>
ViewPager是一种容器，可以盛装两种类型的对象：一种是View对象； 也可以放置Fragment。
1getLayoutInflater().form(this); 2getLayoutInflater().form(this).inflate(resource,root);
配置Adapter：
准备数据源 -> 准备适配器 ->加载适配器
List<View>
PagerAdapter
ViewPager的声明：<android.support.v4.view.ViewPager>
是为了解决版本兼容性问题
过程
我们创建好布局文件，然后在MainActivity中添加，进行实例
准备数据源
1private List<View> viewList; 2 3 4viewList = new ArrayList<View>();
显示
View view = View.inflate(this, R.layout.view, null);
添加
viewList.add(view);
准备适配器
1@Override 2public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position){ 3 4}
搭建构造方法
1public MyPagerAdapter(List<View> viewList){ 2 this.viewList=viewList; 3} 4 5 6container.addview(); 7return viewList.get(position); 8 9 10container.removeView(viweList.get(position));
Adapter
创建Adapter
PagerAdapter pagerAdapter = new PagerAdapter(viewList);
setAdapter(pagerAdapter);
对象
PagerTabStrip和PagerTitleStrip
1一个View显示ViewPager，然后在ViewPager中添加PagerTabStrip 2<android.support.v4.view.ViewPager 3 ... 4 <android.support.v4.view.PagerTabStrip 5 ...> 6 </android.support.v4.view.PagerTabStrip> 7</android.support.v4.view.ViewPager>
然后加入标题，private List<String> titleList;
同理，ViewPager添加题目
1titleList = new ArrayList<String>(); 2titleList.add("第一题")； 3titleList.add("第二题")； 4titleList.add("第三题")； 5titleList.add("第五题");
在加入PagerAdapter中，创建Adapter下创建，MyPagerAdapter.java
MyPagerAdapter.java
1public class MyPagerAdapter extends PagerAdapter{ 2 private List<View> viewList; 3 private List<String> titleList; 4 public MyPagerAdapter(List<View> viewList, List<String> titleList){ 5 this.viewList=viewList; 6 this.titleList=titleList; 7 } 8}
加入题目数量第几题
显示标题
getPageTitle(),显示所对应的标题
1@Override 2public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position){ 3 //return super.getPageTitle(position); 4 return titleList.get(position); 5}
PagerTabStrip的属性
背景
setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);
文本
setTextColor();
下划线
setDrawFullUnderline(false);
分割线
setTabIndicatorColor();
PagerTitleStrip 与 PagerTabStrip 类似
适配器
FragmentPagerAdapter
1import android.os.Bundle; 2import android.support.v4.app.Fragment; 3 4public class ExercisesFragment extends Fragment { 5 6 private ListView lvList;//来源fragment 7 private ListItemAdapter adapter; //适配器 8 private List<> ebl; //列表集合 9 10 @Override 11 public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, 12 Bundle savedInstanceState) { 13 return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment, null); 14 } 15 @Override 16 public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) { 17 super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState); 18 initData(); 19 lvList = view.findViewById(R.id.lv_list); 20 adapter = new ListItemAdapter(getActivity()); 21 adapter.setData(ebl); 22 lvList.setAdapter(adapter); 23 } 24 25 private void initData(){ 26 ebl = new ArrayList<Bean>(); 27 for (int i=0;i<10;i++){ 28 Bean bean = new Bean(); 29 bean.id=(i+1); 30 switch (i){ 31 case 0: 32 33 case 9: 34 35 default: 36 break; 37 } 38 } 39 } 40}
设置MyFragment继承Fragment
1public class MyFragment extends Fragment{ 2 @Override 3 public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState){ 4 return inflater.infate(R.layout.view, container, false); 5 //return inflater.infate(R.layout.view, null); 6 } 7}
点击跳转Fragment
1public void onClick(View v) { 2 switch (v.getId()){ 3 case R.id.bottom1: 4 //getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.main_body,new CFragment()).commit(); 5 6 break; 7 case R.id.bottom2: 8 //getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.main_body,new EFragment()).commit(); 9 10 break; 11 case R.id.bottom3: 12 //getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.main_body,new MFragment()).commit(); 13 14 break; 15 } 16 }
实例
private List<Fragment> fragmentList;
Fragment作为数据源
1添加Fragment 2fragmentList = new ArrayList<Fragment>(); 3fragmentList.add(new Fragment()); 4添加创建的Fragment 5//fragmentList.add(new Fragment%());
导入的包
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
配置数据适配器
如果用FragmentPagerAdapter，一次性加载
同理
1public class MyFragment extends FragmentPagerAdapter{ 2 private List<Fragment> fragmentList; 3 private List<String> titleList; 4 public MyFragment(FragmentManager fm，List<Fragment> fragmentList，List<String> titleList){ 5 super(fm) 6 this.fragmentList=fragmentList; 7 this.titleList=titleList; 8 } 9}
MainActivity.java
1public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements View.OnClickListener{ 2 3 @Override 4 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 5 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 6 setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); 7 } 8 9 private void setMain() { 10 11 } 12 13 private void setSelectStatus(int index) { 14 switch (index){ 15 16 } 17 } 18 private void initView() { 19 20 } 21 22 @Override 23 public void onClick(View v) { 24 switch (v.getId()){ 25 26 //getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.main_body,new CourseFragment()).commit(); 27 28 //getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.main_body,new ExercisesFragment()).commit(); 29 30 //getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.main_body,new MyinfoFragment()).commit(); 31 } 32 } 33} 34 35 36 37FragmentPagerAdapter adapter=new FragmentPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager());
轮播图
ViewFlipper
自动播放
静态的方法导入：
1<ViewFlipper 2 android:id="@+id/flipper" 3 android:layout_width="match_parent" 4 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 5 android:layout_marginTop="10dp" 6 android:flipInterval="4000"> 7 <ImageView 8 android:scaleType="matrix" 9 android:id="@+id/ex2" 10 android:layout_width="match_parent" 11 android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> 12 <ImageView 13 android:scaleType="matrix" 14 android:id="@+id/ex3" 15 android:layout_width="match_parent" 16 android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> 17 <ImageView 18 android:scaleType="matrix" 19 android:id="@+id/ex4" 20 android:android:layout_width="match_parent" 21 android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> 22</ViewFlipper>
动态导入：
flipper = findViewById(R.id.flipper);
flipper.addView(getImageView(R.drawable.picture));
自己定义动态效果，一般用anim的文件夹表示：
然后创建布局界面：
创建轮播图
1<ViewFlipper 2 android:id="@+id/flipper" 3 android:layout_width="match_parent" 4 android:layout_height="match_parent"> 5</ViewFlipper>
MainActivity.java
1public class MainActivity extends Activity { 2 @Override 3 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){ 4 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 5 setContentView(R.layout.main); 6 } 7}
声明变量
private ViewFlipper flipper;
进行初始化
flipper = findViewById(R.id.flipper);
动态导入：addView(getImageView(R.drawable.picture));
轮播图有多张图片，创建数组，分别导入
获取图片
1private ImageView getImageView(int imageId){ 2 ImageView image = new ImageView(this); 3 image.setImageResource(imageId); 4 return image; 5} 6 7 8for(int i=0; i<imageId.length;i++){ 9 flipper.addView(getImageView( 数组[i] )); 10}
手势滑动的方法
1@Override 2public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event){ 3 return super.onTouchEvent(event); 4}
自动播放效果：
1flipper.setFlipInterval(3000); 2flipper.startFlipping();
ScrollView
HorizontalScrollView,ScrollView
滚动视图
不能滚动，因为布局不是ScrollVeiw，而是<TextView>
tv.setText(getResources().getString(R.string.content));
如果是这样就可以
1<ScrollView 2 android:layout_width="match_parent" 3 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 4 <TextView 5 android:layout_width="match_parent" 6 android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> 7</ScrollView>
setOnTouchListener的方法
1scroll.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener){ 2 3}
记得 scrollBy 和 scrollTo 的区别
Gallery 图片浏览器
Gallery像一个走廊，ImageSwitcher像幻灯片
显示图片，就要对图片进行封装，声明数组
1布局 2<Gallery 3 android:... 4 /> 5 老样子
图片id,private int[] res 定义数组
我们学过的适配器，都是继承BaseAdapter
1ArrayAdapter<String> adapter; 2SimpleAdapter adapter;
继承BaseAdapter中必须要实现的方法
-
public int getCount()
-
public long getItemId(int position)
-
public Object getItem(int position)
-
public View gtView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent)
如果自己定义一个适配器，定义后，实现BaseAdapter中的方法，
然后创建构造函数
1private int[] images; 2public ImageAdapter(int []images) 3{ 4 this.images = images; 5}
说明
获取视图
1private Context context; 2public ImageAdapter(int[] images, Context context){ 3 this.images = images; 4 this.context = context; 5}
public View gtView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent)
1{ 2 //ImageView image=new ImageView(this); 3 4 ImageView image = new ImageView(context); 5 image.setBackgroundResource(数组[position]); 6 //设置图片大小 7 image.setLayoutParams(new Gallery.LayoutParams(400,300)); 8 return image; 9}
加载适配器 MainActivity.java
声明适配器： private ImageAdapter adapter;
初始化： adapter = new ImageAdapter(数组的变量名，上下文(this));
gallery.setAdapter(adapter);
无限制浏览
return Interger.MAX_VALUE;
监听器
setOnItemSelectedListener(this);
同样<ImageSwitcher>也要布局
声明 private ImageSwitcher is;
进行初始化 is = findViewById(R.id.is);
监听器：gallery.setOnItemSelectedListener(this);
现实的接口：implements OnItemSelectedListener,ViewFactory
1public View makeView(){ 2 3}
is.setFactory(this);
1public View makeView(){ 2 ImageView image = new ImageView(this); 3 4 return image; 5}
SeekBar 拖动进度条
setOnSeekBarChangeListener(this);
1<SeekBar 2 style="@android:style/Widget.SeekBar" 3 /> 4 5 6<selecter xmlns:android="http...." 7 <item 8 android:android:state_pressed="true" 9 android:state_window_focused="true" 10 andeoid:drawable=""/>
Android常用布局样式
线性布局
LinearLayout
相对布局
RelativeLayout
表格布局
TableLayout
可以使用GridView替代
绝对布局
AbsoluteLayout
帧布局(主要布局叠加)
FrameLayout
多用LinearLayout和RelativeLayout
少用AbsoluteLayout
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