一、介绍
Kubernetes 是当先炙手可热的技术,它已然成为可开源界的PASS管理平台的标准，当下文章对大多数是对X86平台搭建Kubernetes平台，下面笔者进行在LinuxONE上搭建开源的Kubernetes平台。
搭建K8S 平台主流的有两种方法，
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第一种是基于二进制的搭建，通过一步一步的搭建可以加深对K8S各个服务的理解。
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官方推荐的自动化部署工具 kubeadm
本次使用官方推荐的Kubeadm 的搭建方法， kubedm 把K8S 自身的服务都被K8S自身的pod，除此之外事先的基础服务是用system服务的方式运行。
master节点安装组件：
docker、kubelet、kubeadm 基于本地的system服务运行
kube-proxy 是 动态的可被k8s 管理的pod
api-server、kube-controller、etcd、 是托guan在pod
node节点组件
docker、kubelet 基于本地的system服务运行
kube-proxy 是 动态的可被k8s 管理的pod
flannel 是 动态的可被k8s 管理的pod二、安装
1. 环境
系统版本
IP地址
主机名
ubuntu1~18.04.1
172.16.35.140
master
ubuntu1~18.04.1
woker-1
2.安装docker
安装基础的包
1apt-get install \ 2 apt-transport-https \ 3 ca-certificates \ 4 curl \ 5 gnupg-agent \ 6 software-properties-common
添加官方的key
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
添加docker 源
1sudo add-apt-repository \ 2 "deb [arch=s390x] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \ 3 $(lsb_release -cs) \ 4 stable"
安装docker
apt-get update;apt-get install docker-ce
3、安装kubelet、kubeadm
添加源
1apt-get update && apt-get install -y apt-transport-https 2curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | apt-key add - 3cat <<EOF >/etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list 4deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main 5EOF 6apt-get update 7apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubec
4、利用kubeadm 初始化环境
再此之前需要自行做好下面准备
初始化环境：
1、基于主机名通讯
2、时间同步
3、防火墙关闭
4、swapoff -a && sysctl -w vm.swappiness=0 && sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 \
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-ip6tables \
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-iptables
查看kubeadm 需要哪些基础的docker image
1root@master:/etc/apt# kubeadm config images list 2W0321 08:51:12.828065 19587 version.go:101] could not fetch a Kubernetes version from the internet: unable to get URL "https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable-1.txt": Get https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable-1.txt: dial tcp: lookup dl.k8s.io on 127.0.0.53:53: server misbehaving 3W0321 08:51:12.828143 19587 version.go:102] falling back to the local client version: v1.17.4 4W0321 08:51:12.828250 19587 validation.go:28] Cannot validate kube-proxy config - no validator is available 5W0321 08:51:12.828275 19587 validation.go:28] Cannot validate kubelet config - no validator is available 6k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.17.4 7k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.17.4 8k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.17.4 9k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.17.4 10k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1 11k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.4.3-0 12k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.5
可以看到我们已经罗列出了需要的docker image ，由于不可描述的因素，我们无法直接访问k8s.gcr.io
所以需要我们自行下载这几个镜像，我已经把镜像上传到了我的docker hub， 大家可以自己pull
1 docker pull erickshi/kube-apiserver-s390x:v1.17.4 2 docker pull erickshi/kube-scheduler-s390x:v1.17.4 3 docker pull erickshi/kube-controller-manager-s390x:v1.17.4 4 docker pull erickshi/pause-s390x:3.1 5 docker pull erickshi/coredns:s390x-1.6.5 6 docker pull erickshi/etcd:3.4.3-0 7 docker pull erickshi/pause:3.1
下载完后，我们需要进行更改成和我们列出来一样的名字，因为kubeadm 会去下载
1 docker tag erickshi/kube-apiserver-s390x:v1.17.4 k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.17.4 2 docker tag erickshi/kube-scheduler-s390x:v1.17.4 k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.17.4 3 docker tag erickshi/kube-controller-manager-s390x:v1.17.4 k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.17.4 4docker tag erickshi/pause-s390x:3.1 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1 5docker tag erickshi/etcd-s390x:3.4.3-0 k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.4.3-0 6docker tags erickshi/coredns:s390x-1.6.5 k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.5 7docker tag erickshi/coredns:s390x-1.6.5 k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.5
下面正式初始化集群
1root@master:~# kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.17.4 --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 2W0321 09:57:23.233367 9597 validation.go:28] Cannot validate kube-proxy config - no validator is available 3W0321 09:57:23.233401 9597 validation.go:28] Cannot validate kubelet config - no validator is available 4[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.17.4 5[preflight] Running pre-flight checks 6 [WARNING IsDockerSystemdCheck]: detected "cgroupfs" as the Docker cgroup driver. The recommended driver is "systemd". Please follow the guide at https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/cri/ 7[preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster 8[preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection 9[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull' 10[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env" 11[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml" 12[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet 13[certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki" 14[certs] Generating "ca" certificate and key 15[certs] Generating "apiserver" certificate and key 16[certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [master kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local] and IPs [10.96.0.1 172.16.35.140] 17[certs] Generating "apiserver-kubelet-client" certificate and key 18[certs] Generating "front-proxy-ca" certificate and key 19[certs] Generating "front-proxy-client" certificate and key 20[certs] Generating "etcd/ca" certificate and key 21[certs] Generating "etcd/server" certificate and key 22[certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [master localhost] and IPs [172.16.35.140 127.0.0.1 ::1] 23[certs] Generating "etcd/peer" certificate and key 24[certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [master localhost] and IPs [172.16.35.140 127.0.0.1 ::1] 25[certs] Generating "etcd/healthcheck-client" certificate and key 26[certs] Generating "apiserver-etcd-client" certificate and key 27[certs] Generating "sa" key and public key 28[kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder "/etc/kubernetes" 29[kubeconfig] Writing "admin.conf" kubeconfig file 30[kubeconfig] Writing "kubelet.conf" kubeconfig file 31[kubeconfig] Writing "controller-manager.conf" kubeconfig file 32[kubeconfig] Writing "scheduler.conf" kubeconfig file 33[control-plane] Using manifest folder "/etc/kubernetes/manifests" 34[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-apiserver" 35[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-controller-manager" 36W0321 09:57:32.529825 9597 manifests.go:214] the default kube-apiserver authorization-mode is "Node,RBAC"; using "Node,RBAC" 37[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-scheduler" 38W0321 09:57:32.530693 9597 manifests.go:214] the default kube-apiserver authorization-mode is "Node,RBAC"; using "Node,RBAC" 39[etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for local etcd in "/etc/kubernetes/manifests" 40[wait-control-plane] Waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests". This can take up to 4m0s 41[apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 12.001699 seconds 42[upload-config] Storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace 43[kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config-1.17" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster 44[upload-certs] Skipping phase. Please see --upload-certs 45[mark-control-plane] Marking the node master as control-plane by adding the label "node-role.kubernetes.io/master=''" 46[mark-control-plane] Marking the node master as control-plane by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule] 47[bootstrap-token] Using token: rp81u6.x7rky04rds2knxb8 48[bootstrap-token] Configuring bootstrap tokens, cluster-info ConfigMap, RBAC Roles 49[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials 50[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token 51[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster 52[bootstrap-token] Creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace 53[kubelet-finalize] Updating "/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf" to point to a rotatable kubelet client certificate and key 54[addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS 55[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy 56 57Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully! 58 59To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user: 60 61 mkdir -p $HOME/.kube 62 sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config 63 sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config 64 65You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster. 66Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at: 67 https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/ 68 69Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root: 70 71kubeadm join 172.16.35.140:6443 --token g6dykf.ac2mtjv9y4bfk4ve \ 72 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:f868a8621420b253a7f6de4cae65c17c001c3ecb0740b549f9d0adca48b77f06
可以看到已经出初始化成功了，我们需要把用户的认证文件，拷贝到相应的位置
1 mkdir -p $HOME/.kube 2 sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config 3 sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
下面查看当前环境
1root@master:/etc/apt# kubectl get node 2NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION 3master NotReady master 159m v1.17.4 4root@master:/etc/apt# kubectl get cs 5NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR 6scheduler Healthy ok 7controller-manager Healthy ok 8etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true"}
下面我们查看托guan于k8s 的服务
1root@master:/etc/apt# kubectl get pod --all-namespaces 2NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE 3kube-system coredns-6955765f44-gfjk2 0/1 Pending 0 159m 4kube-system coredns-6955765f44-l25vq 0/1 Pending 0 159m 5kube-system etcd-master 1/1 Running 0 159m 6kube-system kube-apiserver-master 1/1 Running 0 159m 7kube-system kube-controller-manager-master 1/1 Running 0 159m 8kube-system kube-proxy-xfw6v 1/1 Running 0 159m 9kube-system kube-scheduler-master 1/1 Running 0 159m
下面装flanal 网络
首先下载flannel image
1wget https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases/download/v0.12.0/flanneld-v0.12.0-s390x.docker 2 docker load < flanneld-v0.12.0-s390x.docker 3 4 kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/2140ac876ef134e0ed5af15c65e414cf26827915/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
查看当前的node
1root@master:~# kubectl get node 2NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION 3master Ready master 2m31s v1.17.4 4root@master:~# 5root@master:/tmp# kubectl get pod --all-namespaces 6NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE 7kube-system coredns-6955765f44-gzd5g 1/1 Running 0 99m 8kube-system coredns-6955765f44-qjzfd 1/1 Running 0 99m 9kube-system etcd-master 1/1 Running 0 99m 10kube-system kube-apiserver-master 1/1 Running 0 99m 11kube-system kube-controller-manager-master 1/1 Running 0 99m 12kube-system kube-flannel-ds-s390x-mnqs5 1/1 Running 0 98m 13kube-system kube-proxy-jstmj 1/1 Running 0 99m 14kube-system kube-scheduler-master 1/1 Running 0 99m
安装node节点
用kubeadm 加入master
1root@node:~# kubeadm join 172.16.35.140:6443 --token g6dykf.ac2mtjv9y4bfk4ve --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:f868a8621420b253a7f6de4cae65c17c001c3ecb0740b549f9d0adca48b77f06 -v=15 2W0326 08:12:42.444748 10170 join.go:346] [preflight] WARNING: JoinControlPane.controlPlane settings will be ignored when control-plane flag is not set. 3I0326 08:12:42.444787 10170 join.go:371] [preflight] found NodeName empty; using OS hostname as NodeName 4I0326 08:12:42.444808 10170 initconfiguration.go:103] detected and using CRI socket: /var/run/dockershim.sock 5[preflight] Running pre-flight checks 6I0326 08:12:42.444861 10170 preflight.go:90] [preflight] Running general checks 7I0326 08:12:42.444894 10170 checks.go:249] validating the existence and emptiness of directory /etc/kubernetes/manifests 8I0326 08:12:42.444929 10170 checks.go:286] validating the existence of file /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf 9....... 10....: 11........ 12{"machineID":"db770448baee44b4b07b748869a6f769","systemUUID":"db770448baee44b4b07b748869a6f769","bootID":"0112b3ec-f380-42d1-a5af-c459f7731c1d","kernelVersion":"4.15.0-91-generic","osImage":"Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS","containerRuntimeVersion":"docker://18.6.3","kubeletVersion":"v1.17.4","kubeProxyVersion":"v1.17.4","operatingSystem":"linux","architecture":"s390x"}}} 13 14This node has joined the cluster: 15* Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and a response was received. 16* The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details. 17 18Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the control-plane to see this node join the cluster. 19 20root@node:~#
在master节点查看当前状态
1root@master:/tmp# kubectl get node 2NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION 3master Ready master 137m v1.17.4 4node NotReady <none> 10s v1.17.4
当前node节点没有ready 是因为网络尚未安装，下面开始安装网络
node节点也需要flanneld、pause、kube-proxy镜像，此处略过导入步骤。
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/2140ac876ef134e0ed5af15c65e414cf26827915/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
再次查看node状态
1root@master:~# kubectl get node 2NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION 3master Ready master 4h2m v1.17.4 4node Ready <none> 104m v1.17.4
至此可以部署应用了！