Android U 盘功能实现和分析
u 盘功能实现结果：
u 盘会当成 usb storage 在 Settings Storage 里面显示。
准备工作
内核需支持 usb host，需支持 FUSE 文件系统，在 FS 选项里面配置即可（CONFIG_FUSE_FS=y）。
Android 的配置
配置 init.<board>.rc
1mkdir /storage/udisk0 0000 system system 2 mkdir /mnt/media_rw/udisk0 0700 media_rw media_rw 3 4 5 6service fuse_udisk0 /system/bin/sdcard -u 1023 -g 1023 -w 1023 -d /mnt/media_rw/udisk0 /storage/udisk0 7 class late_start 8 disabled
配置 fstab.<board>
/block/sda /mnt/media_rw/udisk0 vfat defaults voldmanaged=udisk0:auto
配置 overlay
1<storage android:mountPoint="/storage/udisk0" 2 android:storageDescription="@string/storage_usb" 3 android:primary="false" 4 android:removable="true" />
挂载过程：
1/dev/block/vold/8:1 /mnt/media_rw/udisk0 vfat rw,dirsync,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,uid=1023,gid=1023,fmask=0007,dmask=0007,allow_utime=0020,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro 0 0 2/dev/fuse /storage/udisk0 fuse rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1023,group_id=1023,default_permissions,allow_other 0 0 3 4 5 6root@android:/ # logcat -s Vold MountService 7--------- beginning of /dev/log/main 8--------- beginning of /dev/log/system 9I/Vold ( 820): Vold 2.1 (the revenge) firing up 10D/Vold ( 820): Volume sdcard1 state changing -1 (Initializing) -> 0 (No-Media) 11D/Vold ( 820): Volume sdcard1 state changing -1 (Initializing) -> 0 (No-Media) 12D/Vold ( 820): Volume udisk0 state changing -1 (Initializing) -> 0 (No-Media) 13D/Vold ( 820): Volume udisk0 state changing 0 (No-Media) -> 2 (Pending) 14D/Vold ( 820): Volume udisk0 state changing 2 (Pending) -> 1 (Idle-Unmounted) 15D/Vold ( 820): Volume sdcard1 state changing 0 (No-Media) -> 2 (Pending) 16D/Vold ( 820): Volume sdcard1 state changing 2 (Pending) -> 1 (Idle-Unmounted) 17D/MountService( 1587): got storage path: /storage/sdcard0 description: Internal storage primary: true removable: false emulated: true mtpReserve: 50 allowMassStorage: false maxFileSize: 0 18D/MountService( 1587): addVolumeLocked() StorageVolume: 19D/MountService( 1587): mStorageId=65537 mPath=/storage/emulated/0 mDescriptionId=17040662 20D/MountService( 1587): mPrimary=true mRemovable=false mEmulated=true mMtpReserveSpace=50 21D/MountService( 1587): mAllowMassStorage=false mMaxFileSize=0 mOwner=UserHandle{0} mUuid=null 22D/MountService( 1587): mUserLabel=null mState=null 23D/MountService( 1587): got storage path: /storage/sdcard1 description: SD card primary: false removable: true emulated: false mtpReserve: 0 allowMassStorage: false maxFileSize: 4294967296 24D/MountService( 1587): addVolumeLocked() StorageVolume: 25D/MountService( 1587): mStorageId=0 mPath=/storage/sdcard1 mDescriptionId=17040663 mPrimary=false 26D/MountService( 1587): mRemovable=true mEmulated=false mMtpReserveSpace=0 mAllowMassStorage=false 27D/MountService( 1587): mMaxFileSize=4294967296 mOwner=null mUuid=null mUserLabel=null mState=null 28D/MountService( 1587): got storage path: /storage/udisk0 description: USB storage primary: false removable: true emulated: false mtpReserve: 0 allowMassStorage: false maxFileSize: 0 29D/MountService( 1587): addVolumeLocked() StorageVolume: 30D/MountService( 1587): mStorageId=0 mPath=/storage/udisk0 mDescriptionId=17040664 mPrimary=false 31D/MountService( 1587): mRemovable=true mEmulated=false mMtpReserveSpace=0 mAllowMassStorage=false 32D/MountService( 1587): mMaxFileSize=0 mOwner=null mUuid=null mUserLabel=null mState=null 33W/MountService( 1587): Duplicate state transition (unmounted -> unmounted) for /storage/sdcard1 34D/MountService( 1587): volume state changed for /storage/sdcard1 (unmounted -> removed) 35W/MountService( 1587): Duplicate state transition (unmounted -> unmounted) for /storage/udisk0 36I/Vold ( 820): /dev/block/vold/8:1 being considered for volume udisk0 37D/Vold ( 820): Volume udisk0 state changing 1 (Idle-Unmounted) -> 3 (Checking) 38D/MountService( 1587): volume state changed for /storage/udisk0 (unmounted -> checking) 39D/MountService( 1587): sendStorageIntent Intent { act=android.intent.action.MEDIA_CHECKING dat=file:///storage/udisk0 (has extras) } to UserHandle{-1} 40I/Vold ( 820): Filesystem check completed OK 41D/Vold ( 820): blkid identified as /dev/block/vold/8:1: UUID="402E-0EE3" TYPE="vfat" 42D/Vold ( 820): Volume udisk0 state changing 3 (Checking) -> 4 (Mounted) 43D/MountService( 1587): volume state changed for /storage/udisk0 (checking -> mounted) 44D/MountService( 1587): sendStorageIntent Intent { act=android.intent.action.MEDIA_MOUNTED dat=file:///storage/udisk0 (has extras) } to UserHandle{-1} 45W/MountService( 1587): Duplicate state transition (mounted -> mounted) for /storage/emulated/0
Vold 解析 fstab 文件
在 Android 4.4 中， Vold 会解析 vold.<hardware> 文件
1property_get("ro.hardware", propbuf, ""); 2 snprintf(fstab_filename, sizeof(fstab_filename), FSTAB_PREFIX"%s", propbuf); 3 4 fstab = fs_mgr_read_fstab(fstab_filename); 5 if (!fstab) { 6 SLOGE("failed to open %s\n", fstab_filename); 7 return -1; 8 }
其中 #define FSTAB_PREFIX "/fstab." 所以，配置的 fatab 文件必须放在根目录， Vold 是 android 的后台进程，将会一直监听 fatab 里面标记为 voldmanaged 的项目
如果没有标记，则略过。没有标记的项目。可以交给 init 的 mount 命令处理，但是不会监听，所以你可以将recovery 和 cache 目录这样只需启动是挂载的目录项放在 fatab
里面交给 init 的 mount 命令处理，例如三星 device/samsung/manta/fstab.manta
1# Android fstab file. 2#<src> <mnt_point> <type> <mnt_flags and opt 3ions> <fs_mgr_flags> 4# The filesystem that contains the filesystem checker binary (typically /system) cannot 5# specify MF_CHECK, and must come before any filesystems that do specify MF_CHECK 6 7 8/dev/block/platform/dw_mmc.0/by-name/system /system ext4 ro 9 wait 10/dev/block/platform/dw_mmc.0/by-name/cache /cache ext4 noatime,nosuid,nodev,nombl 11k_io_submit,errors=panic wait,check 12/dev/block/platform/dw_mmc.0/by-name/userdata /data ext4 noatime,nosuid,nodev,nombl 13k_io_submit,errors=panic wait,check,encryptable=/dev/block/platform/dw_mmc.0/by-name/metadata 14/dev/block/platform/dw_mmc.0/by-name/efs /factory ext4 noatime,nosuid,nodev,ro 15 wait 16/dev/block/platform/dw_mmc.0/by-name/boot /boot emmc defaults 17 defaults 18/dev/block/platform/dw_mmc.0/by-name/recovery /recovery emmc defaults 19 defaults 20/dev/block/platform/dw_mmc.0/by-name/misc /misc emmc defaults 21 defaults 22/dev/block/mmcblk0boot0 /bootloader emmc defaults 23 defaults
在系统启动调用 mount ：
1on fs 2 mkdir /factory 0775 radio radio 3 4 mount_all /fstab.manta
同理， init 的 mount 也会忽略标记为 voldmanaged 的项目
init 的 mount 命令与 vold 的 mount 管理大有不同，两者不能混用。
MountService 与 Vold 联合挂载 u 盘
MountService 与 Vold 会建立 socket 通信，具体的挂载操作都是下发命令，交给 Vold 去完成。 MountService 会解析我们配置的 storage_list.xml
1private void readStorageListLocked() { 2 mVolumes.clear(); 3 mVolumeStates.clear(); 4 5 Resources resources = mContext.getResources(); 6 7 int id = com.android.internal.R.xml.storage_list; 8 XmlResourceParser parser = resources.getXml(id); 9 AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser); 10 11 try { 12 XmlUtils.beginDocument(parser, TAG_STORAGE_LIST); 13 while (true) { 14 XmlUtils.nextElement(parser);
Vold 获取到 list 里面的设备变化时将会发送 state change event， MountService 在 onEvent 处理各种不同 state ，其中获取到设备插入，将会执行挂载操作：
1if (code == VoldResponseCode.VolumeDiskInserted) { 2 new Thread("MountService#VolumeDiskInserted") { 3 @Override 4 public void run() { 5 try { 6 int rc; 7 if ((rc = doMountVolume(path)) != StorageResultCode.OperationSucceeded) { 8 Slog.w(TAG, String.format("Insertion mount failed (%d)", rc)); 9 } 10 } catch (Exception ex) { 11 Slog.w(TAG, "Failed to mount media on insertion", ex); 12 } 13 } 14 }.start();
doMountVolume 只是发送 mount 命令给 Vold
1private int doMountVolume(String path) { 2 int rc = StorageResultCode.OperationSucceeded; 3 4 final StorageVolume volume; 5 synchronized (mVolumesLock) { 6 volume = mVolumesByPath.get(path); 7 } 8 9 if (DEBUG_EVENTS) Slog.i(TAG, "doMountVolume: Mouting " + path); 10 try { 11 mConnector.execute("volume", "mount", path);
最终 Vold 里面执行相应的 mount 操作，我们的 u 盘是 vfat 格式，我只测试了这个格式， Linux 下的格式没有测试，因为 Vold 只支持 fat 和 ext4
1int VolumeManager::mountVolume(const char *label) { 2 Volume *v = lookupVolume(label); 3 4 if (!v) { 5 errno = ENOENT; 6 return -1; 7 } 8 9 return v->mountVol(); 10} 11 12 13 14if (Fat::doMount(devicePath, getMountpoint(), false, false, false, 15 AID_MEDIA_RW, AID_MEDIA_RW, 0007, true)) { 16 SLOGE("%s failed to mount via VFAT (%s)\n", devicePath, strerror(errno)); 17 continue;