在centos7上安装mysql：

1 卸载mariadb-lib。

默认centos7上含有mariadb的lib包。卸载它。

1[root@USp11 rpm]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64
2[root@USp11 rpm]#

2 安装mysql各个包。

包括了common-lib/libs/client/server。

1[root@USp11 rpm]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
2warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
3Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
4Updating / installing...
5   1:mysql-community-libs-5.7.14-1.el7################################# [100%]
6[root@USp11 rpm]# 
7[root@USp11 rpm]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
8warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
9Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
10Updating / installing...
11   1:mysql-community-client-5.7.14-1.e################################# [100%]
12[root@USp11 rpm]# 
13[root@USp11 rpm]# 
14[root@USp11 rpm]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
15warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
16Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
17Updating / installing...
18   1:mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.e################################# [100%]
19[root@USp11 rpm]#

3 mysql密码的问题。

安装后会有登录问题。

1[root@USp11 rpm]# mysql 
2ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)
3[root@USp11 rpm]#

其实安装后会生成随机密码并保存在日志中：

1[root@USp11 log]# grep -i password /var/log/mysqld.log 
22017-05-03T09:43:49.793937Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 2:reu9r3=8vI

如果不知道密码也有解决方法：

在/etc/my.cnf末尾加入skip-grant-tables，保存，跳过身份验证。

重启mysql：systemctl restart mysqld。

进入mysql终端修改密码。（use mysql）

1mysql> select host,user,authentication_string from user;
2+-----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
3| host      | user      | authentication_string                     |
4+-----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
5| localhost | root      | *4F9B070523AE6DF88F122FDB8A122B9C1BCEEA0F |
6| localhost | mysql.sys | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |
7+-----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
82 rows in set (0.01 sec)
9
10mysql> update user set authentication_string=password('123456') where user='root';
11Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
12Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 1
13
14mysql>

在/etc/my.cnf末尾去掉skip-grant-tables，保存。

重启mysql。

进入后会被要求修改密码。

1mysql> status
2ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
3mysql>

修改密码：

1mysql> set password = password('123456');
2ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
3mysql> 
4
5mysql> set password=password('不告诉你');
6Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
7
8mysql>

4 mysql字符问题。

查看字符：

1mysql> status
2--------------
3mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.14, for Linux (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper
4
5Connection id:          2
6Current database:       mysql
7Current user:           root@
8SSL:                    Not in use
9Current pager:          stdout
10Using outfile:          ''
11Using delimiter:        ;
12Server version:         5.7.14 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
13Protocol version:       10
14Connection:             Localhost via UNIX socket
15Server characterset:    latin1
16Db     characterset:    latin1
17Client characterset:    utf8
18Conn.  characterset:    utf8
19UNIX socket:            /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
20Uptime:                 14 sec
21
22Threads: 1  Questions: 40  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 127  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 122  Queries per second avg: 2.857
23--------------
24
25
26
27mysql> show variables like '%char%';
28+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+
29| Variable_name                        | Value                      |
30+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+
31| character_set_client                 | utf8                       |
32| character_set_connection             | utf8                       |
33| character_set_database               | utf8                       |
34| character_set_filesystem             | binary                     |
35| character_set_results                | utf8                       |
36| character_set_server                 | utf8                       |
37| character_set_system                 | utf8                       |
38| character_sets_dir                   | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
39| validate_password_special_char_count | 1                          |
40+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+
419 rows in set (0.00 sec)
42
43mysql>

设置，在/etc/my.cnf中[mysqld]下设置参数：

1[mysqld]
2character_set_server = utf8

在/etc/my.cnf中的[client]下设置参数：

1[client]
2default-character-set = utf8

Linux(CentOS7)下安装mysql

1 卸载mariadb-lib。

2 安装mysql各个包。

3 mysql密码的问题。

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