HAL库 TIM计数器及中断开启过程

1、初始化TIM基本计数器参数

1void MX_TIM2_Init(void)
2{
3  TIM_ClockConfigTypeDef sClockSourceConfig = {0};
4  TIM_MasterConfigTypeDef sMasterConfig = {0};
5
6  htim2.Instance = TIM2;
7  htim2.Init.Prescaler = 36000-1;
8  htim2.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP;
9  htim2.Init.Period = 2000-1;
10  htim2.Init.ClockDivision = TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV1;
11  htim2.Init.AutoReloadPreload = TIM_AUTORELOAD_PRELOAD_DISABLE;
12  if (HAL_TIM_Base_Init(&htim2) != HAL_OK)
13  {
14    Error_Handler();
15  }
16  sClockSourceConfig.ClockSource = TIM_CLOCKSOURCE_INTERNAL;
17  if (HAL_TIM_ConfigClockSource(&htim2, &sClockSourceConfig) != HAL_OK)
18  {
19    Error_Handler();
20  }
21  sMasterConfig.MasterOutputTrigger = TIM_TRGO_RESET;
22  sMasterConfig.MasterSlaveMode = TIM_MASTERSLAVEMODE_DISABLE;
23  if (HAL_TIMEx_MasterConfigSynchronization(&htim2, &sMasterConfig) != HAL_OK)
24  {
25    Error_Handler();
26  }
27
28}

2、**HAL_TIM_Base_Init(&htim2)**应用参数基本参数配置

1HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_TIM_Base_Init(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
2{
3  /* Check the TIM handle allocation */
4  if (htim == NULL)
5  {
6    return HAL_ERROR;
7  }
8
9  /* Check the parameters */
10  assert_param(IS_TIM_INSTANCE(htim->Instance));
11  assert_param(IS_TIM_COUNTER_MODE(htim->Init.CounterMode));
12  assert_param(IS_TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV(htim->Init.ClockDivision));
13  assert_param(IS_TIM_AUTORELOAD_PRELOAD(htim->Init.AutoReloadPreload));
14
15  if (htim->State == HAL_TIM_STATE_RESET)
16  {
17    /* Allocate lock resource and initialize it */
18    htim->Lock = HAL_UNLOCKED;
19
20#if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
21    /* Reset interrupt callbacks to legacy weak callbacks */
22    TIM_ResetCallback(htim);
23
24    if (htim->Base_MspInitCallback == NULL)
25    {
26      htim->Base_MspInitCallback = HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit;
27    }
28    /* Init the low level hardware : GPIO, CLOCK, NVIC */
29    htim->Base_MspInitCallback(htim);
30#else
31    /* Init the low level hardware : GPIO, CLOCK, NVIC */
32    HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(htim);
33#endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
34  }
35
36  /* Set the TIM state */
37  htim->State = HAL_TIM_STATE_BUSY;
38
39  /* Set the Time Base configuration */
40  TIM_Base_SetConfig(htim->Instance, &htim->Init);
41
42  /* Initialize the TIM state*/
43  htim->State = HAL_TIM_STATE_READY;
44
45  return HAL_OK;
46}

3、HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(htim) 初始化中断信息(该函数需要重写,CubeMX在配置生成代码时会自动重写该函数)

1/**
2  * @brief  Initializes the TIM Base MSP.
3  * @param  htim TIM Base handle
4  * @retval None
5  */
6__weak void HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
7{
8  /* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
9  UNUSED(htim);
10
11  /* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
12            the HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit could be implemented in the user file
13   */
14}

重写实现

1void HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* tim_baseHandle)
2{
3
4  if(tim_baseHandle->Instance==TIM2)
5  {
6  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspInit 0 */
7
8  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspInit 0 */
9    /* TIM2 clock enable */
10    __HAL_RCC_TIM2_CLK_ENABLE();
11
12    /* TIM2 interrupt Init */
13    HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(TIM2_IRQn, 0, 0);
14    HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(TIM2_IRQn);
15  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspInit 1 */
16
17  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspInit 1 */
18  }
19}

4、使能TIM中断

虽然经过以上配置,TIM的参数信息都已完整应用,但是TIM的中断并没用真正使能.这个地方困扰了我好久(运行没错误,但是计数中断就不触发, 不计数),必需调用以下函数使能中断,串口中断使能也是类似的.

HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(TIM_HandleTypeDef *TIM);//开启定时器中断

该函数的调用地点只要是在 HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* tim_baseHandle) 函数之后就行,可以在main.c中也可以在上面的代码之后.

下面的代码存在一个BUG,如果 HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT 函数调用写在下面的位置,虽然可以使能中断,但会造成MCU上电即触发中断的情况.

HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit调用之后会重新设置寄存器的值,__HAL_TIM_CLEAR_FLAG(tim_baseHandle, TIM_SR_UIF)清理的寄存器被改写.

1void HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* tim_baseHandle)
2{
3
4  if(tim_baseHandle->Instance==TIM2)
5  {
6  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspInit 0 */
7
8  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspInit 0 */
9    /* TIM2 clock enable */
10    __HAL_RCC_TIM2_CLK_ENABLE();
11
12    /* TIM2 interrupt Init */
13    HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(TIM2_IRQn, 0, 0);
14    HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(TIM2_IRQn);
15  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspInit 1 */
16    //清理TIM开启时的中断标识
17    __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_FLAG(tim_baseHandle, TIM_SR_UIF);//添加这条语句解决问题
18    //htim2.Instance->SR = 0; //这是另一种解决办法
19    //使能TIM中断
20    HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(tim_baseHandle);
21  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspInit 1 */
22  }
23}

正确的做法是在 HAL_TIM_Base_Init(&htim2) 之后使能TIM中断,并清理TIM的更新中断寄存器

1void MX_TIM2_Init(void)
2{
3  TIM_ClockConfigTypeDef sClockSourceConfig = {0};
4  TIM_MasterConfigTypeDef sMasterConfig = {0};
5
6  htim2.Instance = TIM2;
7  htim2.Init.Prescaler = 36000-1;
8  htim2.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP;
9  htim2.Init.Period = 10000-1;
10  htim2.Init.ClockDivision = TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV1;
11  htim2.Init.AutoReloadPreload = TIM_AUTORELOAD_PRELOAD_DISABLE;
12  if (HAL_TIM_Base_Init(&htim2) != HAL_OK)
13  {
14    Error_Handler();
15  }
16  sClockSourceConfig.ClockSource = TIM_CLOCKSOURCE_INTERNAL;
17  if (HAL_TIM_ConfigClockSource(&htim2, &sClockSourceConfig) != HAL_OK)
18  {
19    Error_Handler();
20  }
21  sMasterConfig.MasterOutputTrigger = TIM_TRGO_RESET;
22  sMasterConfig.MasterSlaveMode = TIM_MASTERSLAVEMODE_DISABLE;
23  if (HAL_TIMEx_MasterConfigSynchronization(&htim2, &sMasterConfig) != HAL_OK)
24  {
25    Error_Handler();
26  }
27
28    //清理TIM开启时的中断标识
29    __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(&htim2, TIM_IT_UPDATE);
30    //使能TIM中断
31    HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(&htim2);
32}

5、计数中断处理

1/**
2  * @brief This function handles TIM2 global interrupt.
3  */
4void TIM2_IRQHandler(void)
5{
6  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_IRQn 0 */
7
8  /* USER CODE END TIM2_IRQn 0 */
9  HAL_TIM_IRQHandler(&htim2);
10  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_IRQn 1 */
11
12  /* USER CODE END TIM2_IRQn 1 */
13}
14
15HAL_TIM_IRQHandler(&htim2)中断函数处理
16
17/**
18  * @brief  This function handles TIM interrupts requests.
19  * @param  htim TIM  handle
20  * @retval None
21  */
22void HAL_TIM_IRQHandler(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
23{
24  /* Capture compare 1 event */
25  if (__HAL_TIM_GET_FLAG(htim, TIM_FLAG_CC1) != RESET)
26  {
27    if (__HAL_TIM_GET_IT_SOURCE(htim, TIM_IT_CC1) != RESET)
28    {
29      {
30        __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(htim, TIM_IT_CC1);
31        htim->Channel = HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_1;
32
33        /* Input capture event */
34        if ((htim->Instance->CCMR1 & TIM_CCMR1_CC1S) != 0x00U)
35        {
36#if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
37          htim->IC_CaptureCallback(htim);
38#else
39          HAL_TIM_IC_CaptureCallback(htim);
40#endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
41        }
42        /* Output compare event */
43        else
44        {
45#if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
46          htim->OC_DelayElapsedCallback(htim);
47          htim->PWM_PulseFinishedCallback(htim);
48#else
49          HAL_TIM_OC_DelayElapsedCallback(htim);
50          HAL_TIM_PWM_PulseFinishedCallback(htim);
51#endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
52        }
53        htim->Channel = HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_CLEARED;
54      }
55    }
56  }
57........................
58........................
59  /* TIM Update event */
60  if (__HAL_TIM_GET_FLAG(htim, TIM_FLAG_UPDATE) != RESET)
61  {
62    if (__HAL_TIM_GET_IT_SOURCE(htim, TIM_IT_UPDATE) != RESET)
63    {
64      __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(htim, TIM_IT_UPDATE);
65#if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
66      htim->PeriodElapsedCallback(htim);
67#else
68      HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(htim);
69#endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
70    }
71  }
72........................
73........................
74
75}
76
77HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(htim);当计数溢出时调用的回调函数,需要用户根据实际需求具体实现
78
79/**
80  * @brief  Period elapsed callback in non-blocking mode
81  * @param  htim TIM handle
82  * @retval None
83  */
84__weak void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
85{
86  /* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
87  UNUSED(htim);
88
89  /* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
90            the HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback could be implemented in the user file
91   */
92}

6、实现计数完成回调函数,调试代码,查看计数器中断效果.