搞了3天终于把Django成功部署到Ubuntu，记录一下；
引用来自泡泡茶壶：
Ubuntu下的Nginx + Uwsgi + Django项目部署详细流程
前提说明：
Django作为小程序的后端，因小程序的请求到后端的都是https请求，所以Django必须支持https请求
写在前面：
部署Django项目前，先用Django自带服务器运行一下看有没有问题，再部署；否则可能项目本身有问题，却以为是部署不正确导致的
运行命令：python manage.py runserver .....
各种配置：
1、nginx支持https请求
1）项目对象的nginx.conf配置
1# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to 2upstream django { 3 # unix:///home/breavo/PyWorkSpace/mysite_code_shuffle/config/eshop.sock 4 server xx.xx.xx.xx:8002; # xx.xx.xx.xx是服务器的ip，若是腾讯云服务器，则是服务器外部ip，这里的ip和端口是和uwsgi通信的方式，所以和uwsgi.ini配置文件中一致 5} 6 7 8# configuration of the server 9server { 10 # the port your site will be served on 11 listen 90 ssl; # 监听端口可以是任何端口，但不要和已使用端口冲突 12 # listen 8003; 13 # the domain name it will serve for 14 server_name indoor.crazymonkey.ml; # 这里可以是域名也可以是本机ip，同上面的xx.xx.xx.xx 15 charset utf-8; 16 17 # max upload size 18 client_max_body_size 75M; # adjust to taste 19 20 # ssl configuration 21 ssl on; # 打开了ssl验证，支持https请求 22 ssl_certificate /root/hewenjuan/Indoor_Localization/2446810_www.preciselocation.top.pem; # ssl证书放的位置 23 ssl_certificate_key /root/hewenjuan/Indoor_Localization/2446810_www.preciselocation.top.key; # 使用绝对路径肯定没错啦 24 25 # Django media 26 location /media { 27 alias /root/hewenjuan/Indoor_Localization/media; # your Django project's media files - amend as required，有图片等， 28 } 29 30 location /static { 31 # alias /path/to/your/mysite/static; # your Django project's static files - amend as required 32 alias /root/hewenjuan/Indoor_Localization/static; # 静态文件位置，Django项目admin静态文件 33 } 34 35 # Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server. 36 location / { 37 uwsgi_pass django; # 这个就是引用了上面的upstream django配置了 38 # include /home/breavo/PyWorkSpace/mysite_code_shuffle/config/uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed 39 include /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params; 40 } 41}
说明：用nginx -t命令查看上面nginx文件的正确性
2）项目对应的uwsgi.ini配置
1# mysite_uwsgi.ini file 2[uwsgi] 3socket = xx.xx.xx.xx:8002 # 腾讯云内部ip，端口和nginx.conf配置的Django部分相同 4# Django-related settings 5# the base directory (full path) 6chdir = /root/hewenjuan/Indoor_Localization # Django项目所在目录 7# Django's wsgi file 8module = Indoor_Localization.wsgi # 9# module = config/hello.py:application 10wsgi_file = Indoor_Localization/wsgi.py # Django项目wsgi.py所在位置，相对于上面的chdir目录 11# wsgi_file = /root/hewenjuan/Indoor_Localization/config/hello.py:application 12# the virtualenv (full path) 13virtualenv = /root/.pyenv/versions/indoorLocation/bin/python3.6 # python虚拟环境绝对位置 14# home = /root/.pyenv 15home = /root/.pyenv/versions/indoorLocation 16 17# process-related settings 18# master 19master = true 20# maximum number of worker processes 21processes = 10 22# the socket (use the full path to be safe 23# socket = /root/hewenjuan/Indoor_Localization/Indoor_Localization.sock 24# ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed 25chmod-socket = 666 26# clear environment on exit 27vacuum = true 28 29stats = %(chdir)/config/uwsgi.status 30 31pidfile = %(chdir)/config/uwsgi.pid 32# daemonize = %(chdir)/config/uwsgi.log # 开启该字段，uwsgi会在后台运行，日志保存在该文件中，若没有开启该字段，则在前台运行，日志显示在界面上（调试用方便） 33# pidfile = %(chdir)/config/uwsgi.pid 34#plugins = /root/.pyenv/versions/indoorLocation/bin/python3.6
3）每次修改了Django项目文件代码，都需要重启uwsgi和nginx，所以自己写了个启动文件start.sh
1killall -9 uwsgi # 关闭所有uwsgi进程，有时候没有关掉上次的uwsgi进程，启动新的会报错等问题 2killall -9 uwsgi # 额，有时候关闭一次会出现没关掉的情况 3uwsgi --ini mysite_uwsgi.ini # 启动mysite_uwsgi.ini文件，即启动uwsgi进程 4/etc/init.d/nginx restart # 重启nginx进程
说明：启动start.sh命令：sh start.sh
2、uwsgi支持https请求
1）uwsgi.ini配置
1# mysite_uwsgi.ini file 2[uwsgi]# 2446810_www.preciselocation.top.pem,2446810_www.preciselocation.top.key是ssl证书 3https = xx.xx.xx.xx:443,2446810_www.preciselocation.top.pem,2446810_www.preciselocation.top.key # xx.xx.xx.xx是腾讯云内部ip 4# Django-related settings 5# the base directory (full path) 6chdir = /root/hewenjuan/Indoor_Localization 7# Django's wsgi file 8module = Indoor_Localization.wsgi 9# module = config/hello.py:application 10wsgi_file = Indoor_Localization/wsgi.py 11# wsgi_file = /root/hewenjuan/Indoor_Localization/config/hello.py:application 12# the virtualenv (full path) 13virtualenv = /root/.pyenv/versions/indoorLocation/bin/python3.6 14# home = /root/.pyenv 15home = /root/.pyenv/versions/indoorLocation 16 17# process-related settings 18# master 19master = true 20# maximum number of worker processes 21processes = 10 22# the socket (use the full path to be safe 23# socket = /root/hewenjuan/Indoor_Localization/Indoor_Localization.sock 24# ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed 25chmod-socket = 666 26# clear environment on exit 27vacuum = true 28 29stats = %(chdir)/config/uwsgi.status 30 31pidfile = %(chdir)/config/uwsgi.pid 32# daemonize = %(chdir)/config/uwsgi.log 33# pidfile = %(chdir)/config/uwsgi.pid 34#plugins = /root/.pyenv/versions/indoorLocation/bin/python3.6
遇到的问题：
1、每次退出账号重新登录都会提示，pyenv 不存在了
原因：
方法：命令行输入：source ~/.bashrc；即执行.bashrc文件中的语句（包含 了pyenv初始化语句）
2、nginx权限问题：django admin后台样式不显示，查看nginx错误日志（位置：/var/log/nginx/error.log），显示权限拒绝Permission denied
原因：Django项目下的static文件执行权限不够
方法：打开文件/etc/nginx/nginx.conf，修改 user www-data为user root（root：你目前登录的账号名称，也可能是Ubuntu等其他）
参考qingspace：https://www.cnblogs.com/qingspace/p/6838747.html
3、unavailable modifier requested
原因：没有激活python虚拟环境
方法：输入命令：pyenv activate xx，激活xx环境，xx是你项目所在的python虚拟环境
4、安装项目依赖包：pip install -r requirements.txt，遇到一个问题：安装不成功，界面没有显示不成功
出现下面显示的Successfully ...才表示安装成功
原因：requirements.txt文件中有win_xx的安装包，即有python接入window系统所使用的安装包，类似了win32等，啥除掉即可；
因为有可能写代码使用的是window系统，部署的时候放在了Linux系统
解决方法：删除win32等针对window系统的安装包