<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> java.util.Date; <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> java.util.concurrent.Executors; <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService; <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">ScheduledThreadPool</span> </span>{
1<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">main</span><span class="hljs-params">(String[] args)</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">throws</span> InterruptedException </span>{ 2 ScheduledExecutorService scheduledThreadPool = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(<span class="hljs-number">5</span>); 3 4 5 <span class="hljs-comment">//schedule to run after sometime</span> 6 System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"Current Time = "</span>+<span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Date()); 7 <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> i=<span class="hljs-number">0</span>; i<<span class="hljs-number">3</span>; i++){ 8 Thread.sleep(<span class="hljs-number">1000</span>); 9 WorkerThread worker = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> WorkerThread(<span class="hljs-string">"do heavy processing"</span>); 10 scheduledThreadPool.schedule(worker, <span class="hljs-number">10</span>, TimeUnit.SECONDS); 11 } 12 13 <span class="hljs-comment">//add some delay to let some threads spawn by scheduler</span> 14 Thread.sleep(<span class="hljs-number">30000</span>); 15 16 scheduledThreadPool.shutdown(); 17 <span class="hljs-keyword">while</span>(!scheduledThreadPool.isTerminated()){ 18 <span class="hljs-comment">//wait for all tasks to finish</span> 19 } 20 System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"Finished all threads"</span>); 21}
} </code></pre>
<p>When we run above java scheduler example program, we get following output that confirms that tasks are running with 10 seconds delay.</p> <!-- Quick Adsense WordPress Plugin: http://quickadsense.com/ --> <div style="float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;"> <div data-type="ad" data-publisher="journaldev.com" data-zone="jd\_leaderboard\_728x90" data-format="728x90"> </div> </div> <pre style="display: block;"><code class="hljs sql"><div class="re\_clip-board">Copy</div> Current Time = Tue Oct 29 15:10:03 IST 2013 pool-1-thread-1 Start. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">15</span>:<span class="hljs-number">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number">14</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-2</span> Start. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">15</span>:<span class="hljs-number">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number">15</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-3</span> Start. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">15</span>:<span class="hljs-number">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number">16</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-1</span> End. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">15</span>:<span class="hljs-number">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number">19</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-2</span> End. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">15</span>:<span class="hljs-number">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number">20</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-3</span> End. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">15</span>:<span class="hljs-number">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number">21</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> Finished all threads </code></pre> <p>Note that all the <code>schedule()</code> methods return instance of <code>ScheduledFuture</code> that we can use to get the thread state information and delay time for the thread. </p> <!-- Quick Adsense WordPress Plugin: http://quickadsense.com/ --> <div style="float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;"> <!-- CM\_JD\_AP\_Middle\_Responsive --> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block" data-ad-client="ca-pub-5143693538742787" data-ad-slot="7174295726" data-ad-format="auto"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || \[\]).push({}); </script> </div> <p>ScheduledFuture extends Future interface, read more about them at <a href="https://www.journaldev.com/1090/java-callable-future-example">Java Callable Future Example</a>.</p> <p>There are two more methods in ScheduledExecutorService that provide option to schedule a task to run periodically.</p> <h3><span id="scheduledexecutorservice-scheduleatfixedraterunnable-commandlong-initialdelaylong-periodtimeunit-unit">ScheduledExecutorService scheduleAtFixedRate(Runnable command,long initialDelay,long period,TimeUnit unit)</span></h3> <p>We can use ScheduledExecutorService scheduleAtFixedRate method to schedule a task to run after initial delay and then with the given period. </p> <p>The time period is from the start of the first thread in the pool, so if you are specifying period as 1 second and your thread runs for 5 second, then the next thread will start executing as soon as the first worker thread finishes it’s execution.</p> <p>For example, if we have code like this:</p> <pre style="display: block;"><code class="hljs cpp"><div class="re\_clip-board"><span class="hljs-function">Copy</span></div><span class="hljs-function"> <span class="hljs-title">for</span> <span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number">0</span>; i < <span class="hljs-number">3</span>; i++)</span> </span>{ Thread.sleep(<span class="hljs-number">1000</span>); WorkerThread worker = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> WorkerThread(<span class="hljs-string">"do heavy processing"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">// schedule task to execute at fixed rate</span> scheduledThreadPool.scheduleAtFixedRate(worker, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">10</span>, TimeUnit.SECONDS); } </code></pre> <p>Then we will get output like below.</p> <pre style="display: block;"><code class="hljs sql"><div class="re\_clip-board">Copy</div> Current Time = Tue Oct 29 16:10:00 IST 2013 pool-1-thread-1 Start. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">16</span>:<span class="hljs-number">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number">01</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-2</span> Start. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">16</span>:<span class="hljs-number">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number">02</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-3</span> Start. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">16</span>:<span class="hljs-number">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number">03</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-1</span> End. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">16</span>:<span class="hljs-number">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number">06</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-2</span> End. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">16</span>:<span class="hljs-number">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number">07</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-3</span> End. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">16</span>:<span class="hljs-number">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number">08</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-1</span> Start. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">16</span>:<span class="hljs-number">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number">11</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-4</span> Start. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">16</span>:<span class="hljs-number">10</span>:<span class="hljs-number">12</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> </code></pre> <h3><span id="scheduledexecutorservice-schedulewithfixeddelayrunnable-commandlong-initialdelaylong-delaytimeunit-unit">ScheduledExecutorService scheduleWithFixedDelay(Runnable command,long initialDelay,long delay,TimeUnit unit)</span></h3> <p>ScheduledExecutorService scheduleWithFixedDelay method can be used to start the periodic execution with initial delay and then execute with given delay. The delay time is from the time thread finishes it’s execution. So if we have code like below:</p> <pre style="display: block;"><code class="hljs cpp"><div class="re\_clip-board"><span class="hljs-function">Copy</span></div><span class="hljs-function"> <span class="hljs-title">for</span> <span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number">0</span>; i < <span class="hljs-number">3</span>; i++)</span> </span>{ Thread.sleep(<span class="hljs-number">1000</span>); WorkerThread worker = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> WorkerThread(<span class="hljs-string">"do heavy processing"</span>); scheduledThreadPool.scheduleWithFixedDelay(worker, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, TimeUnit.SECONDS); } </code></pre> <p>Then we will get output like below.</p> <pre style="display: block;"><code class="hljs sql"><div class="re\_clip-board">Copy</div> Current Time = Tue Oct 29 16:14:13 IST 2013 pool-1-thread-1 Start. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">16</span>:<span class="hljs-number">14</span>:<span class="hljs-number">14</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-2</span> Start. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">16</span>:<span class="hljs-number">14</span>:<span class="hljs-number">15</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-3</span> Start. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">16</span>:<span class="hljs-number">14</span>:<span class="hljs-number">16</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-1</span> End. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">16</span>:<span class="hljs-number">14</span>:<span class="hljs-number">19</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-2</span> End. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">16</span>:<span class="hljs-number">14</span>:<span class="hljs-number">20</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-1</span> Start. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">16</span>:<span class="hljs-number">14</span>:<span class="hljs-number">20</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-3</span> End. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">16</span>:<span class="hljs-number">14</span>:<span class="hljs-number">21</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> pool<span class="hljs-number">-1</span>-<span class="hljs-keyword">thread</span><span class="hljs-number">-4</span> Start. <span class="hljs-keyword">Time</span> = Tue <span class="hljs-keyword">Oct</span> <span class="hljs-number">29</span> <span class="hljs-number">16</span>:<span class="hljs-number">14</span>:<span class="hljs-number">21</span> IST <span class="hljs-number">2013</span> </code></pre> <p>That’s all for java scheduler example. We learned about ScheduledExecutorService and ScheduledThreadPoolExecutorthread too. You should check other articles about <a href="https://www.journaldev.com/1079/multithreading-in-java">Multithreading in Java</a>. </p> <p>References:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/ScheduledExecutorService.html" target="\_blank">ScheduledExecutorService API Doc</a></li> <li><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.html" target="\_blank">ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor API Doc</a></li> </ul> <!-- Quick Adsense WordPress Plugin: http://quickadsense.com/ --> <div style="float: none; margin:0px 0 0px 0; text-align:center;"> <script async="" src="https://my.oschina.net//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block" data-ad-format="autorelaxed" data-ad-client="ca-pub-5143693538742787" data-ad-slot="3941417857"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || \[\]).push({}); </script> </div> <div style="font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;"></div><div class="scriptlesssocialsharing"><div class="scriptlesssocialsharing-buttons"><a class="button twitter" target="\_blank" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Java%20Scheduler%20ScheduledExecutorService%20ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor%20Example&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.journaldev.com%2F2340%2Fjava-scheduler-scheduledexecutorservice-scheduledthreadpoolexecutor-example&via=JournalDev&related=JournalDev" rel="noopener"><span class="sss-name">Twitter</span></a><a class="button facebook" target="\_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.journaldev.com%2F2340%2Fjava-scheduler-scheduledexecutorservice-scheduledthreadpoolexecutor-example" rel="noopener"><span class="sss-name">Facebook</span></a><a class="button linkedin" target="\_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.journaldev.com%2F2340%2Fjava-scheduler-scheduledexecutorservice-scheduledthreadpoolexecutor-example&title=Java%20Scheduler%20ScheduledExecutorService%20ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor%20Example&source=https://www.journaldev.com" rel="noopener"><span class="sss-name">Linkedin</span></a><a class="button email" target="\_blank" href="mailto:?body=I%20read%20this%20post%20and%20wanted%20to%20share%20it%20with%20you.%20Here's%20the%20link:%20https%3A%2F%2Fwww.journaldev.com%2F2340%2Fjava-scheduler-scheduledexecutorservice-scheduledthreadpoolexecutor-example&subject=A%20post%20worth%20sharing:%20Java%20Scheduler%20ScheduledExecutorService%20ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor%20Example" rel="noopener"><span class="sss-name">Email</span></a></div></div><div class="prev-next-navigation"><a href="https://www.journaldev.com/2335/read-csv-file-java-scanner" rel="prev"><div class="previous"><span class="prev\_icon"> Previous </span><br> <span class="pagi\_content">Read CSV File in Java using Scanner</span></div></a><a href="https://www.journaldev.com/2377/java-lock-example-reentrantlock" rel="next"><div class="next"><span class="next\_icon">Next </span><br> <span class="pagi\_content">Java Lock Example – ReentrantLock</span></div></a></div> <!-- .prev-next-navigation --><section class="author-box" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><h4 class="author-box-title">About <span itemprop="name">Pankaj</span></h4><div class="author-box-content" itemprop="description"><p>If you have come this far, it means that you liked what you are reading. 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