Ubuntu上安装NS

ns3官网https://www.nsnam.org/wiki/Installation#Installation

安装：

Ubuntu/Debian/Mint

The following list of packages should be accurate for Ubuntu 19.04 release; other releases or other Debian-based systems may slightly vary. Ubuntu 16.04 LTS release is probably the oldest release that is known to work as of recent ns-3 releases.

Note: As of ns-3.30 release (August 2019), ns-3 uses Python 3 by default, but earlier releases depend on Python 2 packages, and at least a Python 2 interpreter is recommended. If working with an earlier release, one may in general substitute 'python' for 'python3' in the below (e.g. install 'python-dev' instead of 'python3-dev').

minimal requirements for C++ users (release): This is the minimal set of packages needed to run ns-3 from a released tarball.

apt-get install gcc g++ python python3
minimal requirements for Python users (release 3.30 and ns-3-dev): This is the minimal set of packages needed to work with Python bindings from a released tarball.

apt-get install gcc g++ python python3 python3-dev
minimal requirements for Python (development): For use of ns-3-allinone repository (cloned from Git), additional packages are needed to fetch and successfully install pybindgen and netanim.

apt-get install python3-setuptools git mercurial
Netanim animator: qt5 development tools are needed for Netanim animator; qt4 will also work but we have migrated to qt5.

apt-get install qt5-default mercurial
Support for ns-3-pyviz visualizer
- For ns-3.28 and earlier releases, PyViz is based on GTK+ 2, GooCanvas, and GraphViz:
apt-get install python-pygraphviz python-kiwi python-pygoocanvas libgoocanvas-dev ipython
- For Ubuntu 18.04, python-pygoocanvas is no longer provided. The ns-3.29 release and later upgrades the support to GTK+ version 3, and requires these packages:
apt-get install gir1.2-goocanvas-2.0 python-gi python-gi-cairo python-pygraphviz python3-gi python3-gi-cairo python3-pygraphviz gir1.2-gtk-3.0 ipython ipython3
Support for MPI-based distributed emulation

apt-get install openmpi-bin openmpi-common openmpi-doc libopenmpi-dev
Support for bake build tool:

apt-get install autoconf cvs bzr unrar
Debugging:

apt-get install gdb valgrind
Support for utils/check-style.py code style check program

apt-get install uncrustify
Doxygen and related inline documentation:

apt-get install doxygen graphviz imagemagick apt-get install texlive texlive-extra-utils texlive-latex-extra texlive-font-utils texlive-lang-portuguese dvipng latexmk
- If you get an error such as 'convert ... not authorized source-temp/figures/lena-dual-stripe.eps', see this post about editing Imagick's security policy configuration: https://alexvanderbist.com/posts/2018/fixing-imagick-error-unauthorized
The ns-3 manual and tutorial are written in reStructuredText for Sphinx (doc/tutorial, doc/manual, doc/models), and figures typically in dia (also needs the texlive packages above):

apt-get install python3-sphinx dia

Note: Sphinx version >= 1.12 required for ns-3.15. To check your version, type "sphinx-build". To fetch this package alone, outside of the Ubuntu package system, try "sudo easy_install -U Sphinx".

GNU Scientific Library (GSL) support for more accurate 802.11b WiFi error models (not needed for OFDM):

apt-get install gsl-bin libgsl-dev libgsl23 libgslcblas0

If the above doesn't work (doesn't detect GSL on the system), consult: https://coral.ise.lehigh.edu/jild13/2016/07/11/hello/. But don't worry if you are not using 802.11b models.

To read pcap packet traces

apt-get install tcpdump
Database support for statistics framework

apt-get install sqlite sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev
Xml-based version of the config store (requires libxml2 >= version 2.7)

apt-get install libxml2 libxml2-dev
Support for generating modified python bindings

apt-get install cmake libc6-dev libc6-dev-i386 libclang-6.0-dev llvm-6.0-dev

and you will want to install castxml and pygccxml as per the instructions for python bindings (or through the bake build tool as described in the tutorial). The 'castxml' package provided by Ubuntu 18.04 and earlier is not recommended; a source build (coordinated via bake) is recommended.

Note: Ubuntu versions (through 19.04) and systems based on it (e.g. Linux Mint 18) default to an old version of clang and llvm (3.8), when simply 'libclang-dev' and 'llvm-dev' are specified. The packaging on these 3.8 versions is broken. Users of Ubuntu will want to explicitly install a newer version by specifying 'libclang-6.0-dev' and 'llvm-6.0-dev'. Other versions newer than 6.0 may work (not tested).

A GTK-based configuration system

apt-get install libgtk2.0-0 libgtk2.0-dev
To experiment with virtual machines and ns-3

apt-get install vtun lxc uml-utilities
Support for openflow module (requires some boost libraries)

apt-get install libboost-signals-dev libboost-filesystem-dev

NS-3的编译借助build.py脚本工具。

./build.py

但是会碰到如下错误：

1[1459/1770] cxx: src/lte/model/lte-ffr-sap.cc -> build/src/lte/model/lte-ffr-sap.cc.1.o
2[1460/1770] cxx: src/lte/model/lte-fr-no-op-algorithm.cc -> build/src/lte/model/lte-fr-no-op-algorithm.cc.1.o
3[1461/1770] cxx: src/lte/model/lte-ffr-soft-algorithm.cc -> build/src/lte/model/lte-ffr-soft-algorithm.cc.1.o
4[1462/1770] cxx: src/lte/model/lte-ue-power-control.cc -> build/src/lte/model/lte-ue-power-control.cc.1.o
5[1463/1770] cxx: build/src/lte/bindings/ns3module.cc -> build/src/lte/bindings/ns3module.cc.7.o
6g++: internal compiler error: Killed (program cc1plus)
7Please submit a full bug report,
8with preprocessed source if appropriate.
9See  for instructions.
10Waf: Leaving directory `/home/fyang/project/workspace/repos/ns-3-allinone/ns-3-dev/build'
11Build failed
12 -> task in 'ns3module_lte' failed (exit status 4): 
13    {task 159048492: cxx ns3module.cc -> ns3module.cc.7.o}
14['/usr/bin/g++', '-O0', '-ggdb', '-g3', '-Wall', '-Werror', '-Wno-error=deprecated-declarations', '-fstrict-alid', '-fno-strict-aliasing', '-fwrapv', '-fstack-protector', '-fno-strict-aliasing', '-fvisibility=hidden', '-Wn, '-I..', '-Isrc/lte/bindings', '-I../src/lte/bindings', '-I/usr/include/python2.7', '-I/usr/include/gtk-2.0', -I/usr/include/atk-1.0', '-I/usr/include/cairo', '-I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0', '-I/usr/include/pango-1.0', 'glib-2.0', '-I/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include', '-I/usr/include/pixman-1', '-I/usr/include/freetype2',bxml2', '-DNS3_ASSERT_ENABLE', '-DNS3_LOG_ENABLE', '-DHAVE_SYS_IOCTL_H=1', '-DHAVE_IF_NETS_H=1', '-DHAVE_NET_ETTE3=1', '-DHAVE_IF_TUN_H=1', '-DHAVE_GSL=1', '-DNS_DEPRECATED=', '-DNS3_DEPRECATED_H', '-DNDEBUG', 'src/lte/binings/ns3module.cc.7.o']
15Traceback (most recent call last):
16  File "./build.py", line 170, in 
17    sys.exit(main(sys.argv))
18  File "./build.py", line 161, in main
19    build_ns3(config, build_examples, build_tests, args, build_options)
20  File "./build.py", line 81, in build_ns3
21    run_command([sys.executable, "waf", "build"] + build_options)
22  File "/home/fyang/project/workspace/repos/ns-3-allinone/util.py", line 24, in run_command
23    raise CommandError("Command %r exited with code %i" % (argv, retval))
24util.CommandError: Command ['/usr/bin/python', 'waf', 'build'] exited with code 1

似乎是g++编译器自身的问题，解决办法是利用swap:

1sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=64M count=16
2sudo mkswap /swapfile
3sudo swapon /swapfile

编译完成后删除：

1sudo swapoff /swapfile
2sudo rm /swapfile

如果成功，则显示：

1Waf: Leaving directory `/home/fyang/project/workspace/repos/ns-3-allinone/ns-3-dev/build'
2'build' finished successfully (7m31.696s)
3Modules built:
4antenna                   aodv                      applications             
5bridge                    buildings                 config-store             
6core                      csma                      csma-layout              
7dsdv                      dsr                       energy                   
8fd-net-device             flow-monitor              internet                 
9lr-wpan                   lte                       mesh                     
10mobility                  mpi                       netanim (no Python)      
11network                   nix-vector-routing        olsr                     
12point-to-point            point-to-point-layout     propagation              
13sixlowpan                 spectrum                  stats                    
14tap-bridge                test (no Python)          topology-read            
15uan                       virtual-net-device        visualizer               
16wave                      wifi                      wimax                    
17
18Modules not built (see ns-3 tutorial for explanation):
19brite                     click                     openflow                 
20
21Leaving directory `./ns-3-dev

3 测试

3.1 添加实例程序

Waf工具用于脚本运行，并保证共享库在运行时处在正确位置。通过修改Waf程序配置，添加实例程序：

1$ ./waf clean
2$ ./waf configure --enable-examples --enable-tests --enable-modules=core
3$ ./waf build

3.2 单元测试

NS-3自带单元测试功能，有了上述实程序之后，进行验证：

1fyang@fyang-virtual-machine:~/project/workspace/repos/ns-3-allinone/ns-3-dev$ ./test.py 
2Waf: Entering directory `/home/fyang/project/workspace/repos/ns-3-allinone/ns-3-dev/build'
3Waf: Leaving directory `/home/fyang/project/workspace/repos/ns-3-allinone/ns-3-dev/build'
4'build' finished successfully (0.210s)
5
6Modules built:
7core                     
8
9Modules not built (see ns-3 tutorial for explanation):
10brite                     click                     openflow                 
11
12PASS: TestSuite attributes
13PASS: TestSuite callback
14PASS: TestSuite command-line
15PASS: TestSuite config
16PASS: TestSuite global-value
17PASS: TestSuite int64x64
18PASS: TestSuite object-name-service
19PASS: TestSuite object
20PASS: TestSuite ptr
21PASS: TestSuite event-garbage-collector
22PASS: TestSuite sample
23PASS: TestSuite simulator
24PASS: TestSuite time
25PASS: TestSuite timer
26PASS: TestSuite traced-callback
27PASS: TestSuite type-traits
28PASS: TestSuite watchdog
29PASS: TestSuite hash
30PASS: TestSuite type-id
31PASS: TestSuite threaded-simulator
32PASS: TestSuite random-number-generators
33PASS: TestSuite random-variable-stream-generators
34PASS: Example examples/tutorial/hello-simulator
35PASS: Example examples/tutorial/fourth
36PASS: Example src/core/examples/main-callback
37PASS: Example src/core/examples/sample-simulator
38PASS: Example src/core/examples/main-ptr
39PASS: Example src/core/examples/sample-random-variable
40PASS: Example src/core/examples/sample-simulator.py

3.3 运行测试

运行模拟器：

1./waf --run hello-simulator
2
3
4结果：
5
6  
7Waf: Entering directory `/home/fyang/project/workspace/repos/ns-3-allinone/ns-3-dev/build'
8Waf: Leaving directory `/home/fyang/project/workspace/repos/ns-3-allinone/ns-3-dev/build'
9'build' finished successfully (0.202s)
10Hello Simulator