Java Opencv 实现细化 二值化

1． 用OpenCV验证腐蚀和膨胀，只需截图回复。具体做法可参考何东健课件和源代码的第6章或其他资源。

2． 用OpenCV验证细化，只需截图回复。具体做法可参考何东健课件和源代码的第6章或其他资源。

3． 其他方法，可先了解基本原理，数学推导知道即可。

算法理论文章: https://blog.csdn.net/baidu_21578557/article/details/51871134 

用OpenCV验证腐蚀和膨胀

1public class threshold {
2
3    private final static String path = System.getProperty("user.dir") + "\\catton.jpg";
4
5    static {
6        platformUtils.loadLibraries();
7    }
8
9
10    public static void main(String[] args) {
11
12        Mat src= Imgcodecs.imread(path);
13
14        Mat dest=new Mat();
15
16        Imgproc.threshold(src,dest,100,500,Imgproc.THRESH_BINARY);
17
18        //获取数据
19        byte [] data=new byte[dest.rows()*dest.cols()*(int)dest.elemSize()];
20        dest.get(0,0,data);
21
22        //转为二值化image buffer作为存储对象 可以存储二进制 也可以存储灰度化图像
23        BufferedImage bufferedImage=new BufferedImage(dest.cols(),dest.rows(),BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);
24
25        bufferedImage.getRaster().setDataElements(0,0,dest.cols(),dest.rows(),data);
26
27        JFrame frame=new JFrame();
28        frame.getContentPane().add(new JLabel(new ImageIcon(bufferedImage)));
29        frame.pack();
30        frame.setVisible(true);
31
32
33        HighGui.imshow(" threshold image",dest);
34        HighGui.waitKey(0);
35    }
36}

用OpenCV验证细化

1//提取图像的骨架
2void ImgThin(cv::Mat src,int maxIterations=-1)
3{
4    if (src.empty()) return;//图像为空，直接返回
5    cv::threshold(src, src, m_dThreshold, 1, CV_THRESH_BINARY);//转为0或1的图像
6
7    int ImgHeight = src.rows;
8    int ImgWidth = src.cols;
9
10    int count = 0;  //记录迭代次数
11    while (true)
12    {
13        count++;
14        if (maxIterations != -1 && count > maxIterations) //限制次数并且迭代次数到达
15            break;
16
17        vector<pair<int, int> > mFlag; //用于标记需要删除的点
18        //对点标记
19        for (int i = 0; i < ImgHeight; ++i)
20        {
21            for (int j = 0; j < ImgWidth; ++j)
22            {
23                //如果满足四个条件，进行标记
24                //  p9 p2 p3
25                //  p8 p1 p4
26                //  p7 p6 p5
27                int p1 = src.at<uchar>(i, j);
28                int p2 = (i == 0) ? 0 : src.at<uchar>(i - 1, j);
29                int p3 = (i == 0 || j == ImgWidth - 1) ? 0 : src.at<uchar>(i - 1, j + 1);
30                int p4 = (j == ImgWidth - 1) ? 0 : src.at<uchar>(i, j + 1);
31                int p5 = (i == ImgHeight - 1 || j == ImgWidth - 1) ? 0 : src.at<uchar>(i + 1, j + 1);
32                int p6 = (i == ImgHeight - 1) ? 0 : src.at<uchar>(i + 1, j);
33                int p7 = (i == ImgHeight - 1 || j == 0) ? 0 : src.at<uchar>(i + 1, j - 1);
34                int p8 = (j == 0) ? 0 : src.at<uchar>(i, j - 1);
35                int p9 = (i == 0 || j == 0) ? 0 : src.at<uchar>(i - 1, j - 1);
36
37                if ((p2 + p3 + p4 + p5 + p6 + p7 + p8 + p9) >= 2 && (p2 + p3 + p4 + p5 + p6 + p7 + p8 + p9) <= 6)
38                {
39                    int ap = 0;
40                    if (p2 == 0 && p3 == 1) ++ap;
41                    if (p3 == 0 && p4 == 1) ++ap;
42                    if (p4 == 0 && p5 == 1) ++ap;
43                    if (p5 == 0 && p6 == 1) ++ap;
44                    if (p6 == 0 && p7 == 1) ++ap;
45                    if (p7 == 0 && p8 == 1) ++ap;
46                    if (p8 == 0 && p9 == 1) ++ap;
47                    if (p9 == 0 && p2 == 1) ++ap;
48
49                    if (ap == 1)
50                    {
51                        if (p2*p4*p6 == 0)
52                        {
53                            if (p4*p6*p8 == 0)
54                            {
55                                //标记
56                                mFlag.push_back(make_pair(i, j));
57                            }
58                        }
59                    }
60                }
61            }
62        }
63
64        //将标记的点删除
65        for (vector<pair<int, int> >::iterator i = mFlag.begin(); i != mFlag.end(); ++i)
66        {
67            src.at<uchar>(i->first, i->second) = 0;
68        }
69
70        //直到没有点满足，算法结束
71        if (mFlag.size() == 0) break;
72        else mFlag.clear();//将mFlag清空
73
74        //对点标记
75        for (int i = 0; i < ImgHeight; ++i)
76        {
77            for (int j = 0; j < ImgWidth; ++j)
78            {
79                //如果满足四个条件，进行标记
80                //  p9 p2 p3
81                //  p8 p1 p4
82                //  p7 p6 p5
83                int p1 = src.at<uchar>(i, j);
84                if (p1 != 1) continue;
85                int p2 = (i == 0) ? 0 : src.at<uchar>(i - 1, j);
86                int p3 = (i == 0 || j == ImgWidth - 1) ? 0 : src.at<uchar>(i - 1, j + 1);
87                int p4 = (j == ImgWidth - 1) ? 0 : src.at<uchar>(i, j + 1);
88                int p5 = (i == ImgHeight - 1 || j == ImgWidth - 1) ? 0 : src.at<uchar>(i + 1, j + 1);
89                int p6 = (i == ImgHeight - 1) ? 0 : src.at<uchar>(i + 1, j);
90                int p7 = (i == ImgHeight - 1 || j == 0) ? 0 : src.at<uchar>(i + 1, j - 1);
91                int p8 = (j == 0) ? 0 : src.at<uchar>(i, j - 1);
92                int p9 = (i == 0 || j == 0) ? 0 : src.at<uchar>(i - 1, j - 1);
93
94                if ((p2 + p3 + p4 + p5 + p6 + p7 + p8 + p9) >= 2 && (p2 + p3 + p4 + p5 + p6 + p7 + p8 + p9) <= 6)
95                {
96                    int ap = 0;
97                    if (p2 == 0 && p3 == 1) ++ap;
98                    if (p3 == 0 && p4 == 1) ++ap;
99                    if (p4 == 0 && p5 == 1) ++ap;
100                    if (p5 == 0 && p6 == 1) ++ap;
101                    if (p6 == 0 && p7 == 1) ++ap;
102                    if (p7 == 0 && p8 == 1) ++ap;
103                    if (p8 == 0 && p9 == 1) ++ap;
104                    if (p9 == 0 && p2 == 1) ++ap;
105
106                    if (ap == 1)
107                    {
108                        if (p2*p4*p8 == 0)
109                        {
110                            if (p2*p6*p8 == 0)
111                            {
112                                //标记
113                                mFlag.push_back(make_pair(i, j));
114                            }
115                        }
116                    }
117                }
118            }
119        }
120        //删除
121        for (vector<pair<int, int> >::iterator i = mFlag.begin(); i != mFlag.end(); ++i)
122        {
123            src.at<uchar>(i->first, i->second) = 0;
124        }
125
126        //直到没有点满足，算法结束
127        if (mFlag.size() == 0) break;
128        else mFlag.clear();//将mFlag清空
129    }
130
131    cv::threshold(src, src, 0, 255, CV_THRESH_BINARY);//二值化图像
132}