Unable to find a @SpringBootConfiguration, you need to use @ContextConfiguration or @SpringBootTe...

SpringBoot Maven工程打包时（执行run as maven install命令），报以下错误：

1[INFO] Scanning for projects...
2[INFO] 
3[INFO] -----------------------< com.swyx:swyx_form_api >-----------------------
4[INFO] Building swyx_form_api 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
5[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
6[INFO] 
7[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.1.0:resources (default-resources) @ swyx_form_api ---
8[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
9[INFO] Copying 1 resource
10[INFO] Copying 1 resource
11[INFO] 
12[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.1:compile (default-compile) @ swyx_form_api ---
13[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
14[INFO] 
15[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.1.0:testResources (default-testResources) @ swyx_form_api ---
16[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
17[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory H:\swyx\codes\swyx_form\swyx_form_api\src\test\resources
18[INFO] 
19[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ swyx_form_api ---
20[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
21[INFO] 
22[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ swyx_form_api ---
23[INFO] 
24[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
25[INFO]  T E S T S
26[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
2706:53:52.377 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner - SpringJUnit4ClassRunner constructor called with [class com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests]
2806:53:52.384 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils - Instantiating CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate from class [org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate]
2906:53:52.399 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils - Instantiating BootstrapContext using constructor [public org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultBootstrapContext(java.lang.Class,org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate)]
3006:53:52.469 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils - Instantiating TestContextBootstrapper for test class [com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests] from class [org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper]
3106:53:52.505 [main] INFO org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper - Neither @ContextConfiguration nor @ContextHierarchy found for test class [com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests], using SpringBootContextLoader
3206:53:52.512 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractContextLoader - Did not detect default resource location for test class [com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests]: class path resource [com/swyx/tools/SwyxFormApplicationTests-context.xml] does not exist
3306:53:52.513 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractContextLoader - Did not detect default resource location for test class [com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests]: class path resource [com/swyx/tools/SwyxFormApplicationTestsContext.groovy] does not exist
3406:53:52.514 [main] INFO org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractContextLoader - Could not detect default resource locations for test class [com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests]: no resource found for suffixes {-context.xml, Context.groovy}.
3506:53:52.515 [main] INFO org.springframework.test.context.support.AnnotationConfigContextLoaderUtils - Could not detect default configuration classes for test class [com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests]: SwyxFormApplicationTests does not declare any static, non-private, non-final, nested classes annotated with @Configuration.
3606:53:52.602 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.ActiveProfilesUtils - Could not find an 'annotation declaring class' for annotation type [org.springframework.test.context.ActiveProfiles] and class [com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests]
3706:53:52.957 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner - SpringJUnit4ClassRunner constructor called with [class com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests]
3806:53:52.958 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils - Instantiating CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate from class [org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate]
3906:53:52.958 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils - Instantiating BootstrapContext using constructor [public org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultBootstrapContext(java.lang.Class,org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate)]
4006:53:52.960 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils - Instantiating TestContextBootstrapper for test class [com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests] from class [org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper]
4106:53:52.962 [main] INFO org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper - Neither @ContextConfiguration nor @ContextHierarchy found for test class [com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests], using SpringBootContextLoader
4206:53:52.963 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractContextLoader - Did not detect default resource location for test class [com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests]: class path resource [com/swyx/tools/SwyxFormApplicationTests-context.xml] does not exist
4306:53:52.964 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractContextLoader - Did not detect default resource location for test class [com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests]: class path resource [com/swyx/tools/SwyxFormApplicationTestsContext.groovy] does not exist
4406:53:52.965 [main] INFO org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractContextLoader - Could not detect default resource locations for test class [com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests]: no resource found for suffixes {-context.xml, Context.groovy}.
4506:53:52.966 [main] INFO org.springframework.test.context.support.AnnotationConfigContextLoaderUtils - Could not detect default configuration classes for test class [com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests]: SwyxFormApplicationTests does not declare any static, non-private, non-final, nested classes annotated with @Configuration.
4606:53:52.970 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.ActiveProfilesUtils - Could not find an 'annotation declaring class' for annotation type [org.springframework.test.context.ActiveProfiles] and class [com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests]
47[INFO] Running com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests
48[ERROR] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.02 s <<< FAILURE! - in com.swyx.tools.SwyxFormApplicationTests
49[ERROR] initializationError  Time elapsed: 0.001 s  <<< ERROR!
50java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unable to find a @SpringBootConfiguration, you need to use @ContextConfiguration or @SpringBootTest(classes=...) with your test
51
52[INFO] 
53[INFO] Results:
54[INFO] 
55[ERROR] Errors: 
56[ERROR]   SwyxFormApplicationTests ? IllegalState Unable to find a @SpringBootConfigurat...
57[INFO] 
58[ERROR] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0
59[INFO] 
60[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
61[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
62[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
63[INFO] Total time:  8.412 s
64[INFO] Finished at: 2019-06-04T06:53:53+08:00
65[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
66[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) on project swyx_form_api: There are test failures.
67[ERROR] 
68[ERROR] Please refer to H:\swyx\codes\swyx_form\swyx_form_api\target\surefire-reports for the individual test results.
69[ERROR] Please refer to dump files (if any exist) [date].dump, [date]-jvmRun[N].dump and [date].dumpstream.
70[ERROR] -> [Help 1]
71[ERROR] 
72[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
73[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
74[ERROR] 
75[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
76[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoFailureException

意为在test类中指定启动类配置

现有的test启动类：

1@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
2@SpringBootTest
3public class SwyxFormApplicationTests {
4
5    @Test
6    public void contextLoads() {
7    }
8
9}

修改后test启动类：

1@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
2@SpringBootTest
3@ContextConfiguration(classes = SwyxFormApplication.class)
4public class SwyxFormApplicationTests {
5
6    @Test
7    public void contextLoads() {
8    }
9
10}

或

1@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
2@SpringBootTest(classes = SwyxFormApplication.class)
3public class SwyxFormApplicationTests {
4
5    @Test
6    public void contextLoads() {
7    }
8
9}