大家好，我是吴老板。
前言
前段时间在微博看到一段摸鱼人的倒计时模板，感觉还挺有趣的。
于是我用了一小时的时间写了个页面出来 摸鱼办地址 (当然是摸鱼的时间啦)。
模板是这样的:
摸鱼办公室 🐟
你好，摸鱼人，工作再累，一定不要忘记摸鱼哦 ! 有事没事起身去茶水间去廊道去天台走走，别老在工位上坐着。多喝点水，钱是老板的，但命是自己的 !
🐟 距离 周末 放假还有 2 天
🐟 距离 元旦 放假还有 3 天
🐟 距离 过年 放假还有 34 天
🐟 距离 清明节 放假还有 97 天
🐟 距离 劳动节 放假还有 123 天
🐟 距离 端午节 放假还有 156 天
🐟 距离 中秋节 放假还有 255 天
🐟 距离 国庆节 放假还有 276 天
- 由于前端是单页面服务，直接撸一个原始的
html网页就行。 FastAPI对于异步请求是一把好手、更轻、性能更佳。- 挂上一层
Nginx让它看起来像那么回事儿。
实现过程
- 首先要知道、除了静态文字之外的比如当前日期、距离节日放假的天数等都是动态返回的，我需要使用 Jinja2 模板进行动态绑定。
- 我应该把重点放在时间的处理上。
- 而且在这个模板中，有阳历的节日，也是阴历的节日，我需要转换。
初始化一个 FastAPI 对象并声明静态页面的模板目录 (Jinja2Templates)
1*- coding: utf-8 -*- 2import datetime 3from fastapi import FastAPI, Request 4from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse 5from fastapi.templating import Jinja2Templates 6from zhdate import ZhDate as lunar_date 7 8app = FastAPI( 9 debug=False, 10 title="My API", 11 docs_url="/docs", 12 openapi_url=f"/openapi.json" 13) 14 15templates = Jinja2Templates(directory="templates")`
可以看到的是我用到了 zhdate 这个库、主要用于阴历和阳历之间的相互转换。用法如下
1today = datetime.date.today() 2print(today.year, today.month, today.day) 3print("大年时间: ", lunar_date(today.year+1, 1, 1).to_datetime().date()) 4print("端午时间: ", lunar_date(today.year, 5, 5).to_datetime().date()) 5print("中秋时间: ", lunar_date(today.year, 8, 15).to_datetime().date()) 6print("元旦时间: ", f"{today.year+1}-01-01") 7print("清明时间: ", f"{today.year}-04-05") 8print("劳动时间: ", f"{today.year}-05-01") 9print("国庆时间: ", f"{today.year}-10-01")
我们可以梳理一下:
- 计算距离
大年、元旦的天数时，要在年份上+1 - 计算距离
其他节日的天数时，要判断天数差是否小于0，如果是，则年份需要+1，因为已经过去的节日对此没有意义
1distance_big_year = (lunar_date(today.year + 1, 1, 1).to_datetime().date() - today).days 2 3distance_5_5 = (lunar_date(today.year, 5, 5).to_datetime().date() - today).days 4distance_5_5 = distance_5_5 if distance_5_5 > 0 else ( 5 lunar_date(today.year + 1, 5, 5).to_datetime().date() - today).days 6 7distance_8_15 = (lunar_date(today.year, 8, 15).to_datetime().date() - today).days 8distance_8_15 = distance_8_15 if distance_8_15 > 0 else ( 9 lunar_date(today.year + 1, 8, 15).to_datetime().date() - today).days 10 11distance_year = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-01-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days 12 13distance_4_5 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-04-05", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days 14distance_4_5 = distance_4_5 if distance_4_5 > 0 else ( 15 datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-04-05", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days 16 17distance_5_1 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-05-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days 18distance_5_1 = distance_5_1 if distance_5_1 > 0 else ( 19 datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-05-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days 20 21distance_10_1 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-10-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days 22distance_10_1 = distance_10_1 if distance_10_1 > 0 else ( 23 datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-10-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
怎么样? 我的命名足够疯狂吧。
接下来需要计算一下距离周末的天数。
1def get_week_day(date): 2 week_day_dict = { 3 0: '星期一', 4 1: '星期二', 5 2: '星期三', 6 3: '星期四', 7 4: '星期五', 8 5: '星期六', 9 6: '星期天', 10 } 11 day = date.weekday() 12 return week_day_dict[day] 13 14week_day_ = get_week_day(today) 15print(f"今天是: {week_day_}") # 先获取今天是星期几
按照每周 5 个工作日计算，今天距离周末的天数就是
5 - today.weekday() # today.weekday() 今天距离周末
现在将所有的数据组装起来
1time_ = [ 2 {"v_": distance_year, "title": "元旦"}, # 距离元旦 3 {"v_": distance_big_year, "title": "过年"}, # 距离过年 4 {"v_": distance_4_5, "title": "清明节"}, # 距离清明 5 {"v_": distance_5_1, "title": "劳动节"}, # 距离劳动 6 {"v_": distance_5_5, "title": "端午节"}, # 距离端午 7 {"v_": distance_8_15, "title": "中秋节"}, # 距离中秋 8 {"v_": distance_10_1, "title": "国庆节"}, # 距离国庆 9]
至于为什么是 List 而不是 Dict，那是我需要做一个根据距离天数的排序，让最先放假的节日放于最前面， 这样看起来会舒服得多。
time_ = sorted(time_, key=lambda x: x['v_'], reverse=False)
接下来要写一个 路由，将数据传入到 html 页面中去。
1@app.get("/", response_class=HTMLResponse) 2async def readme(request: Request): 3 return templates.TemplateResponse("readme.html", 4 {"request": request, "time_": time_, "now_": now_, "week_day_": week_day_})
来看一下完整的代码 (main.py):
1# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 2import datetime 3from fastapi import FastAPI, Request 4from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse 5from fastapi.templating import Jinja2Templates 6from zhdate import ZhDate as lunar_date 7 8app = FastAPI( 9 debug=False, 10 title="My API", 11 docs_url=f"/docs", 12 openapi_url=f"/openapi.json" 13) 14 15templates = Jinja2Templates(directory="templates") 16 17today = datetime.date.today() 18 19# print(today.year, today.month, today.day) 20# print("大年时间: ", lunar_date(today.year+1, 1, 1).to_datetime().date()) 21# print("端午时间: ", lunar_date(today.year, 5, 5).to_datetime().date()) 22# print("中秋时间: ", lunar_date(today.year, 8, 15).to_datetime().date()) 23# print("元旦时间: ", f"{today.year+1}-01-01") 24# print("清明时间: ", f"{today.year+1}-04-05") 25# print("劳动时间: ", f"{today.year+1}-05-01") 26# print("国庆时间: ", f"{today.year+1}-10-01") 27 28distance_big_year = (lunar_date(today.year + 1, 1, 1).to_datetime().date() - today).days 29 30distance_5_5 = (lunar_date(today.year, 5, 5).to_datetime().date() - today).days 31distance_5_5 = distance_5_5 if distance_5_5 > 0 else ( 32 lunar_date(today.year + 1, 5, 5).to_datetime().date() - today).days 33 34distance_8_15 = (lunar_date(today.year, 8, 15).to_datetime().date() - today).days 35distance_8_15 = distance_8_15 if distance_8_15 > 0 else ( 36 lunar_date(today.year + 1, 8, 15).to_datetime().date() - today).days 37 38distance_year = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-01-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days 39 40distance_4_5 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-04-05", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days 41distance_4_5 = distance_4_5 if distance_4_5 > 0 else ( 42 datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-04-05", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days 43 44distance_5_1 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-05-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days 45distance_5_1 = distance_5_1 if distance_5_1 > 0 else ( 46 datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-05-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days 47 48distance_10_1 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-10-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days 49distance_10_1 = distance_10_1 if distance_10_1 > 0 else ( 50 datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-10-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days 51 52def get_week_day(date): 53 week_day_dict = { 54 0: '星期一', 55 1: '星期二', 56 2: '星期三', 57 3: '星期四', 58 4: '星期五', 59 5: '星期六', 60 6: '星期天', 61 } 62 day = date.weekday() 63 return week_day_dict[day] 64 65# print("距离大年: ", distance_big_year) 66# print("距离端午: ", distance_5_5) 67# print("距离中秋: ", distance_8_15) 68# print("距离元旦: ", distance_year) 69# print("距离清明: ", distance_4_5) 70# print("距离劳动: ", distance_5_1) 71# print("距离国庆: ", distance_10_1) 72# print("距离周末: ", 5 - today.weekday()) 73 74now_ = f"{today.year}年{today.month}月{today.day}日" 75week_day_ = get_week_day(today) 76time_ = [ 77 {"v_": 5 - 1 - today.weekday(), "title": "周末"}, # 距离周末 78 {"v_": distance_year, "title": "元旦"}, # 距离元旦 79 {"v_": distance_big_year, "title": "过年"}, # 距离过年 80 {"v_": distance_4_5, "title": "清明节"}, # 距离清明 81 {"v_": distance_5_1, "title": "劳动节"}, # 距离劳动 82 {"v_": distance_5_5, "title": "端午节"}, # 距离端午 83 {"v_": distance_8_15, "title": "中秋节"}, # 距离中秋 84 {"v_": distance_10_1, "title": "国庆节"}, # 距离国庆 85] 86 87time_ = sorted(time_, key=lambda x: x['v_'], reverse=False) 88 89@app.get("/", response_class=HTMLResponse) 90async def readme(request: Request): 91 return templates.TemplateResponse("readme.html", 92 {"request": request, "time_": time_, "now_": now_, "week_day_": week_day_}) 93 94if __name__ == '__main__': 95 import uvicorn 96 97 uvicorn.run(app='main:app', host="0.0.0.0", port=8080, reload=True)
最后就到了 html 页面部分了，来看一下主要的传值。
1<center> 2 【摸鱼办公室】今天是 {{ now_ }} {{ week_day_ }} 3 <br><br> 4 {% for v_ in time_ %} 5 <p>🐟 距离 {{ v_.title }} 放假还有 {{ v_.v_ }} 天</p> 6 {% else %} 7 <p>沒有任何值</p> 8 {% endfor %} 9 10</center>
这样整个的路由构造和页面编写就算是完成了。
最后通过 Nginx 部署到我的站点上。
摸鱼办预览地址
代码已经上传至 摸鱼办：
https://github.com/PY-GZKY/moyu
你可能会有更多的想法、可以在评论区讨论、一切为了摸鱼。
小伙伴们，快快用实践一下吧！如果在学习过程中，有遇到任何问题，欢迎加我好友，我拉你进Python学习交流群共同探讨学习。